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ImiBhalo Engcwele
ImiBhalo iyizwi likaNkulunkulu eliphefumulelwe, ubufakazi obuthembekile bevangeli, kanye nokukhiqizwa kabusha kweqiniso nokunemba kwesambulo sikaNkulunkulu kumuntu. Kulokhu, imiBhalo Engcwele ayinaphutha futhi iyisisekelo eBandleni kuyo yonke imibuzo ephathelene nezimfundiso nokuphila. Sazi kanjani ukuthi uJesu ungubani nokuthi uJesu wafundisani? Sazi kanjani ukuthi ivangeli liyiqiniso noma lingamanga? Siyini isisekelo esinegunya sokufundisa nokuphila? IBhayibheli liwumthombo ophefumulelwe nongenaphutha walokho okuyintando kaNkulunkulu ngathi ukuba siyazi futhi siyenze. (2. UThimothi 3,15-ishumi nesithupha; 2. UPetrus 1,20-21; Johane 17,17)
Ubufakazi bukaJesu
Kungenzeka uye wayibona imibiko yamaphephandaba “ngeSikole Sokufunda KaJesu,” iqembu lezazi elithi uJesu akazange azisho eziningi zezinto azisho ngokweBhayibheli. Noma kungenzeka uke wezwa ngezinye izazi ezithi iBhayibheli liyiqoqo lezinto eziphikisanayo nezinkoleloze.
Abantu abaningi abafundile bayalenqaba iBhayibheli. Abanye, abafunde ngokulinganayo, bakubheka njengomlando onokwethenjelwa walokho uNkulunkulu akwenzile nakushilo. Uma singakwethembi okushiwo yiBhayibheli ngoJesu, khona-ke cishe asinalutho esingalwazi ngaye.
“Isikole Sokufunda KaJesu” saqala ngomcabango owawusenawo walokho uJesu ayengakufundisa. Bamukele kuphela izitatimende ezihambisana nalesi sithombe futhi benqaba konke okungahambisani. Ngokwenza kanjalo, bakha uJesu ngomfanekiso wabo siqu. Lokhu kuyangabazeka kakhulu ngokwesayensi futhi nezazi eziningi ezikhululekile azivumelani “neSeminari kaJesus”.
Ngabe sinesizathu esihle sokukholelwa ukuthi ukulandisa kweBhayibheli ngoJesu kunokwethenjelwa? Yebo - zabhalwa emashumini ambalwa eminyaka ngemva kokufa kukaJesu lapho ofakazi bokuzibonela besaphila. Abafundi abangamaJuda babevame ukubamba ngekhanda amazwi abafundisi babo; ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuthi abafundi bakaJesu nabo badlulisa izimfundiso zeNkosi yabo ngokunemba okwanele. Asinabo ubufakazi bokuthi basungula amagama okuxazulula izingqinamba eSontweni lokuqala, njengodaba lokusoka. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi ukulandisa kwabo kubonisa ngokunembile lokho uJesu ayekufundisa.
Singase futhi sithathe izinga eliphezulu lokwethembeka ekudluliselweni kwemithombo yombhalo. Sinemibhalo yesandla yekhulu lesine nezingxenye ezincane kusukela kwelesibili. (Umbhalo wesandla omdala kunayo yonke osekhona kaVirgil walotshwa ngemva kweminyaka engu-350 imbongi ifile; uPlato eminyakeni engu-1300 kamuva.) Ukuqhathaniswa kwemibhalo yesandla kubonisa ukuthi iBhayibheli lakopishwa ngokucophelela nokuthi sinombhalo onokwethenjelwa kakhulu.
UJesu: Ubufakazi Obuyinhloko Bombhalo
UJesu wayekulungele ukuxabana nabaFarisi ezindabeni eziningi, kepha ngokusobala hhayi ngodaba olulodwa: ukuqashelwa komlingiswa ovezayo woMbhalo. Wayehlala ethatha imibono eyehlukene ngokuhumusha nangamasiko, kepha ngokusobala wavumelana nabapristi bamaJuda ukuthi umBhalo uyisisekelo esinegunya senkolelo nokwenza.
UJesu wayelindele ukuthi wonke amazwi emiBhalo agcwaliseke (Mathewu 5,17-18; Mark 14,49). Wayecaphuna imibhalo ukuze asekele lokho ayekusho2,29; I-26,24; I-26,31; UJohane 10,34); Wakhuza abantu ngokungafundi kahle imibhalo2,29; Luka 24,25; UJohane 5,39). Wakhuluma ngabantu beTestamente Elidala nezehlakalo ngaphandle kokusho nokuncane ukuthi kungenzeka azikho.
Ngemva komBhalo kwakunegunya likaNkulunkulu. Emelene nezilingo zikaSathane, uJesu waphendula: “Kulotshiwe ukuthi.” ( Mathewu 4,4-10). Lona kanye iqiniso lokuthi okuthile kwakusemibhalweni lenza kwaba negunya elingenakuphikwa kuJesu. Amazwi kaDavide aphefumulelwa nguMoya oNgcwele (Marku 12,36); isiprofetho sasinikezwe “ngoDaniyeli” (Mathewu 2).4,15) ngoba uNkulunkulu wayengumsuka wabo wangempela.
KuMathewu 19,4-5 uthi uJesu uMdali uyakhuluma 1. mose 2,24: “Ngakho-ke indoda iyoshiya uyise nonina inamathele kumkayo, futhi laba ababili bayoba nyamanye.” Nokho, indaba yokudala ayisho ukuthi leli zwi livela kuNkulunkulu. UJesu wayengathi livela kuNkulunkulu ngenxa nje yokuthi lalisemiBhalweni. Umcabango oyisisekelo: uMlobi wangempela wemiBhalo nguNkulunkulu.
Kuyacaca kuwo wonke amavangeli ukuthi uJesu wayebheka imiBhalo njengethembekile nethembekile. Kulabo ababefuna ukumkhanda ngamatshe, wathi: “ImiBhalo ayinakuphulwa” (Johane 10:35). UJesu wababheka njengabaphelele; waze wavikela nokuba semthethweni kwemithetho yesivumelwano esidala ngenkathi isivumelwano esidala sisasebenza (Mathewu 8,4; I-23,23).
Ubufakazi babaphostoli
Njengomfundisi wabo, abaphostoli babekholelwa ukuthi imibhalo inegunya. Babezicaphuna njalo, ngokuvamile ukuze basekele umbono othile. Amazwi oMbhalo athathwa njengamazwi kaNkulunkulu. UmBhalo uze wenziwa umuntu uqobo njengoNkulunkulu owakhuluma izwi nezwi ku-Abrahama noFaro (KwabaseRoma 9,17; KwabaseGalathiya 3,8). Okwabhalwa uDavide no-Isaya kanye noJeremiya empeleni kukhulunywe nguNkulunkulu ngakho-ke kuqinisekile (Izenzo zabaPhostoli 1,16; 4,25; I-13,35; I-28,25; amaHebheru 1,6-ishumi nesithupha; 10,15). Kucatshangwa ukuthi umthetho kaMose ubonakalisa umqondo kaNkulunkulu (1. AbaseKorinte 9,9). Umbhali wangempela wemiBhalo nguNkulunkulu (1. AbaseKorinte 6,16; AmaRoma 9,25).
UPawulu ubiza umBhalo “lokho uNkulunkulu akukhulumile” (Roma 3,2). NgokukaPetru, abaprofethi abazange bakhulume “ngentando yabantu, kodwa abantu, beqhutshwa uMoya oNgcwele, bakhuluma egameni likaNkulunkulu.”2. UPetrus 1,21). Abaprofethi abazange baqhamuke nakho - uNkulunkulu wakufaka kubo, ungumqambi wangempela wamazwi. Ngokuvamile babhala: "Kwase kufika izwi leNkosi..." noma: "Isho kanje iNkosi..."
UPawulu wabhalela uThimothewu: “Yonke imibhalo iphefumulelwe uNkulunkulu, ilungele ukufundisa, nokusola, nokuqondisa, nokuyala ekulungeni . . .2. UThimothi 3,16, Elberfeld Bible). Nokho, akumele sifunde kulokhu imibono yethu yesimanje yokuthi “ukuphefumula kukaNkulunkulu” kusho ukuthini. Kumelwe sikhumbule ukuthi uPawulu wayesho inguqulo ye-Septuagint, inguqulo yesiGreki yemiBhalo YesiHebheru (leyo kwakuyimiBhalo uThimothewu ayeyazi kusukela ebuntwaneni - ivesi 15). UPawulu wasebenzisa lenguqulo njengeZwi likaNkulunkulu ngaphandle kokusikisela ukuthi yayiwumbhalo ophelele.
Naphezu kokwehluka kokuhumusha, iphefumulelwe uNkulunkulu futhi iwusizo “ekuqeqesheni ekulungeni” futhi ingabangela “umuntu kaNkulunkulu ukuba aphelele, afanelekele yonke imisebenzi emihle” ( amavesi 16-17 ).
Ukushoda kwezokuxhumana
IZwi likaNkulunkulu lasekuqaleni liphelele, futhi uNkulunkulu ukwazi ngempela ukwenza abantu balibeke ngamagama afanele, baligcine lilungile, futhi (ukuqedela ukuxhumana) baliqonde kahle. Kodwa uNkulunkulu akakwenzanga lokhu ngokuphelele futhi ngaphandle kwezikhala. Amakhophi ethu anamaphutha egrama, amaphutha okubhala, futhi (okubaluleke kakhulu) kukhona amaphutha ekwamukeleni umlayezo. Ngandlela-thile, “umsindo” usivimbela ukuba sizwe igama alibhala kahle. Nokho uNkulunkulu usebenzisa umBhalo ukukhuluma nathi namuhla.
Naphezu “komsindo”, naphezu kwamaphutha omuntu afika phakathi kwethu noNkulunkulu, umBhalo uyayifeza injongo yawo: ukusitshela ngensindiso nangokuziphatha okufanele. UNkulunkulu ufeza ayekufuna ngemiBhalo: Uletha iZwi lakhe phambi kwethu ngokucacile ngokwanele ukuze sithole insindiso futhi sithole lokho akufunayo kithi.
Umbhalo ugcwalisa le nhloso, futhi ngendlela ehunyushiwe. Sihambe kabi, kepha, besilindele okukhulu kuye kunenhloso kaNkulunkulu. Akuyona incwadi yokufunda isayensi yezinkanyezi nesayensi. Izinombolo ezisefonti azihlali ziqondile ngokwezibalo ngamazinga wanamuhla. Kufanele sihambe ngenhloso enkulu yemiBhalo futhi singabanjwa yizinto ezingasho lutho.
Isibonelo: KuZenzo 21,11 U-Agabu waphefumulelwa ukuba athi amaJuda ayezobopha uPawulu futhi amnikele kwabeZizwe. Abanye bangase bacabange ukuthi u-Agabu wachaza ukuthi ubani owayezobopha uPawulu nokuthi babezokwenzani ngaye. Kodwa njengoba kwenzeka, uPawulu wasindiswa abeZizwe futhi waboshwa abeZizwe (v. 30-33).
Ingabe lokhu kuphikisana? Ngokobuchwepheshe yebo. Lesi siprofetho sasiyiqiniso ngokomthetho, kepha hhayi emininingwaneni. Vele, lapho uLuka ekubhala phansi lokhu, kungenzeka ukuthi wasikhohlisa kalula lesi siprofetho ukuze sihambisane nomphumela, kepha akazange azame ukufihla umehluko. Wayengalindelanga ukuthi abafundi balindele ukunemba emininingwaneni enjalo. Lokhu kufanele kusixwayise ukuthi singalindeli ukunemba kuyo yonke imininingwane yemibhalo.
Kudingeka sigxile ephuzwini eliyinhloko lomyalezo. Ngokufanayo, uPawulu wenza iphutha lapho enza 1. AbaseKorinte 1,14 wabhala - iphutha alilungisa evesini 16. Imibhalo ephefumulelwe iqukethe kokubili iphutha nokulungiswa.
Abanye abantu bafanisa imibhalo noJesu. Elinye izwi likaNkulunkulu ngolimi lomuntu; elinye iZwi likaNkulunkulu elenziwe inyama. UJesu wayephelele ngomqondo wokuthi wayengenasono, kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi akazange awenze amaphutha. Ngesikhathi esemncane, noma esekhulile, wayengahle enze amaphutha ohlelo lolimi nobabazi, kepha amaphutha anjalo ayengesona isono. Abazange bavimbe uJesu ekufezeni injongo yakhe yokuba ngumhlatshelo ongenasono wezono zethu. Okuhambisana nalokhu, amaphutha ohlelo nolunye imininingwane emincane akulimazi okushiwo yiBhayibheli: ukusiholela ekutholeni insindiso ngoKristu.
Ubufakazi beBhayibheli
Akekho ongafakazela ukuthi konke okuqukethwe yiBhayibheli kuyiqiniso. Ungase ukwazi ukufakazela ukuthi isiprofetho esithile sigcwalisekile, kepha awukwazi ukufakazela ukuthi lonke iBhayibheli linokusebenza okufanayo. Kungumbuzo wokukholwa. Sibona ubufakazi obungokomlando bokuthi uJesu nabaphostoli babheka iTestamente Elidala njengezwi likaNkulunkulu. UJesu waseBhayibhelini nguyena kuphela esinaye; eminye imibono ingukuqagela, hhayi ubufakazi obusha. Samukela imfundiso kaJesu yokuthi uMoya oNgcwele uzohola abafundi baye eqinisweni elisha. Siyakwamukela ukusho kukaPaul ukuthi ubhale ngegunya elingcwele. Siyakwemukela ukuthi iBhayibheli liyasivezela ukuthi ungubani uNkulunkulu nokuthi singaba nobudlelwano kanjani naye.
Siyabamukela ubufakazi bomlando wesonto wokuthi amaKrestu phakathi namakhulu eminyaka athola ukuthi iBhayibheli liwusizo ekukholweni nasempilweni. Le ncwadi isitshela ukuthi ungubani uNkulunkulu, lokho asenzele khona, nokuthi kufanele siphendule kanjani. Isiko libuye lisitshele ukuthi yiziphi izincwadi ezisohlwini lwezincwadi zeBhayibheli. Sithembele kuNkulunkulu oqondisa inqubo yokwenziwa ogcwelisiwe ukuze umphumela ube yintando Yakhe.
Okuhlangenwe nakho kwethu kukhulumela iqiniso leMibhalo. Le ncwadi ayiwakhi amagama futhi ayisibonisi ukuba kwethu nesono; kepha kusinika nomusa nonembeza ohlanzekile. Kusinika amandla wokuziphatha hhayi ngemithetho nangemiyalo, kepha ngezindlela ezingalindelekile - ngomusa nangokufa okuyihlazo kweNkosi yethu.
IBhayibheli lifakazela uthando, injabulo nokuthula esingaba nakho ngokukholwa - imizwa, njengoba nje iBhayibheli libhala, ingaphezu kwamandla ethu ukuyibeka ngamazwi. Le ncwadi isinika injongo nenjongo empilweni ngokusitshela ngendalo yaphezulu nensindiso. Lezi zici zegunya leBhayibheli azikwazi ukufakazelwa kubangabazi, kepha ziyasiza ukuqinisekisa imibhalo njengoba isitshela ngezinto esihlangabezana nazo.
IBhayibheli aliwenzi amaqhawe alo abe mahle; lokhu futhi kusisiza ukuthi sizamukele njengezithembekile. Isitshela ngobuthakathaka bobuntu buka-Abrahama, uMose, uDavide, abantu bakwa-Israyeli, abafundi. Ibhayibheli liyizwi elifakazela igama eligunyazayo, igama elenziwe inyama nezindaba ezinhle zomusa kaNkulunkulu.
IBhayibheli alilula; akazenzeli lula. ITestamente Elisha liyaqhubeka futhi lephula isivumelwano esidala. Kungaba lula ukukwenza ngaphandle kokukodwa noma okunye ngokuphelele, kepha kudinga kakhulu ukuba nakho kokubili. Ngokufanayo, uJesu uvezwa njengomuntu noNkulunkulu ngasikhathi sinye, inhlanganisela engalingani kahle ekucabangeni kwesiHeberu, isiGreki noma kwanamuhla. Lokhu kuba yinkimbinkimbi kudalwe hhayi ngokungazi ngezinkinga zefilosofi, kepha naphezu kwazo.
Ibhayibheli liyincwadi enzima, akunakulotshwa ukuthi labhalwa ngabahlubuki abangafundile ababefuna ukusungula incwadi yomgunyathi noma banikeze incazelo ngamaphupho. Ukuvuswa kukaJesu kwenza incwadi ibalule umcimbi omangalisa kangaka. Kwengeza isisindo ebufakazini babafundi bokuthi uJesu wayengubani - nasemqondweni ongalindelekile wokunqoba ukufa ngokufa kweNdodana kaNkulunkulu.
Ngokuphindaphindiwe iBhayibheli libekela inselele ukucabanga kwethu ngoNkulunkulu, ngathi, ngokuphila, ngokulungile nokungalungile. Ifuna ukuhlonishwa ngoba isifundisa amaqiniso esingenakuwathola kwenye indawo. Ngaphezu kwakho konke okucatshangelwayo, iBhayibheli “liyazithethelela” ngaphezu kwakho konke ekusebenzeni kwalo ezimpilweni zethu.
Ubufakazi bemiBhalo, isiko, ulwazi lomuntu siqu, kanye nesizathu konke kusekela isimangalo seBhayibheli segunya. Iqiniso lokuthi uyakwazi ukukhuluma anqamule imingcele yamasiko, ukuthi ubhekana nezimo ezazingekho ngesikhathi kubhalwa - lokho kufakazela negunya lakhe lokubekezela. Ubufakazi beBhayibheli obuhle kakhulu kwikholwa, noma kunjalo, ukuthi uMoya oNgcwele, ngosizo lwabo, angashintsha inhliziyo futhi aguqule impilo ngokujulile.
UMichael Morrison
