UNkulunkulu ...

372 ungunkulunkuluUma ubungabuza uNkulunkulu umbuzo; kungaba yimuphi? Mhlawumbe "enkulu": ngokusho kwekusasa lakho? Kungani abantu kufanele bahlupheke? Noma encane kodwa ephuthumayo: Kwenzekeni ngenja yami eyangibalekela lapho ngineminyaka eyishumi? Ukube ngashada nesithandwa sami sobuntwana? Kungani uNkulunkulu enze isibhakabhaka sibe luhlaza? Noma mhlawumbe ubufuna ukumbuza ukuthi: Ungubani? noma uyini noma ufunani Impendulo yalokho cishe izophendula iningi leminye imibuzo. Ubani nokuthi uyini uNkulunkulu nokuthi yini ayifunayo kuyimibuzo eyisisekelo ngobuyena bakhe, ubunjalo bakhe. Konke okunye kunqunywa yikho: kungani indawo yonke iyindlela eyiyo; ukuthi singobani njengabantu; kungani ukuphila kwethu kunje nokuthi kufanele sikulolonge kanjani. Imfumbe yangempela wonke umuntu ake wacabanga ngayo ngaphambili. Singathola impendulo kulokho, okungenani ngokwengxenye. Singaqala ukuqonda isimo sikaNkulunkulu. Eqinisweni, njengoba kuzwakala kungakholeki, singaba nengxenye esimweni sobunkulunkulu. Ngakuphi? Ngokuzembula kukaNkulunkulu.

Abacabangi bezikhathi zonke baye benza izinhlobonhlobo zezithombe zikaNkulunkulu. Kodwa uNkulunkulu uzembula kithi ngendalo yakhe, ngezwi lakhe nangeNdodana yakhe uJesu Kristu. Uyasibonisa ukuthi ungubani, ukuthi uyini, wenzani, ngisho, ngezinga elithile, ukuthi kungani ekwenza. Usitshela nokuthi yibuphi ubuhlobo okufanele sibe nabo naye nokuthi lobu buhlobo buyoba luhlobo luni ekugcineni. Isidingo esiyisisekelo sanoma yiluphi ulwazi ngoNkulunkulu siwumoya wokwamukela nowokuthobeka. Kumelwe sihloniphe izwi likaNkulunkulu. Khona-ke uNkulunkulu uyazembula kithi (Isaya 66,2), futhi siyofunda ukuthanda uNkulunkulu nezindlela zakhe. “Lowo ongithandayo,” kusho uJesu, “uyogcina izwi lami; noBaba uyakumthanda, futhi siyakuza kuye, sihlale naye.” ( Johane 14,23). UNkulunkulu ufuna ukuhlala nathi. Uma enza kanjalo, siyohlale sithola izimpendulo ezicacile zemibuzo yethu.

1. Ekufuneni okungunaphakade

Abantu bahlale bezabalaza ukukhanyisa imvelaphi yabo, ubukhona babo nenhloso yabo empilweni. Lo mshikashika uvame ukumholela embuzweni wokuthi ukhona yini unkulunkulu nokuthi ungubani umqondo wakhe. Ngokwenza njalo, umuntu ufinyelele ezithombeni ezahlukahlukene kakhulu nemibono.

Izindlela ezihamba phambili ezibuyela e-Edene

Isifiso sabantu sasendulo sokuhunyushwa ngokuthi siboniswa ezakhiweni ezahlukahlukene zemibono yenkolo ekhona. Kusuka kuzikhombisi eziningi ezahlukahlukene umuntu wafuna ukusondela kumvelaphi wobukhona bomuntu futhi ngaleyo ndlela waba umhlahlandlela wokucatshangwa wempilo yomuntu. Ngeshwa, ukwehluleka komuntu ukuqonda ngokuphelele iqiniso elingokomoya kuholele kuphela ekuphikisaneni nakwimibuzo elandelayo:

  • Ama-Pantheists abona uNkulunkulu njengawo wonke amandla nemithetho esemuva kwendawo yonke. Abakholelwa kuNkulunkulu ophilayo futhi bahumusha okuhle nokubi njengokwaphezulu.
  • Ama-polytheists akholelwa ezintweni eziningi zaphezulu. Ngamunye walaba nkulunkulu angasiza noma alimaze, kepha akekho onamandla aphelele. Ngakho-ke konke kufanele kukhulekelwe. Izinkolelo eziningi zaseMpumalanga Ephakathi nezamaGreki namaRoma kanye nenkolo yamadlozi namasiko amaningi ezizwe zazingabantu abaningi.
  • Ama-theist akholelwa kuNkulunkulu ophethe njengomsuka, umondli nesikhungo sazo zonke izinto. Uma ubukhona babanye onkulunkulu bushiywe ngaphandle ngokuyisisekelo, kusho ukuthi kukhona unkulunkulu oyedwa, njengoba kukhonjiswa ngendlela emsulwa ekukholweni kokhokho u-Abrahama. Izinkolo zomhlaba ezintathu zibhekise ku-Abrahama: ubuJuda, ubuKrestu kanye ne-Islam.

Ingabe ukhona unkulunkulu?

Yonke inkambiso emlandweni iye yathuthukisa umqondo oqinile noma omncane wokuthi uNkulunkulu ukhona. Umuntu ongabazayo ophika uNkulunkulu ubelokhu enenkinga. Ukungakholelwa ebukhoneni bukaNkulunkulu, ukungakholwa, ubukhona obukhona - konke lokhu kuyimizamo yokuhumusha umhlaba ngaphandle kwamandla onke, umdali oyibamba onquma okuhle nokubi. Ekugcineni, la mafilosofi namanye afanayo awanikezi impendulo egculisayo. Ngomqondo othile, badlula inkinga esemqoka. Esifuna ukukwazi ngempela ukuthi hlobo luni lokuba nguMdali, ukuthi uhlela ukwenzani nokuthi yini okumele yenzeke ukuze siphile ngokuvumelana noNkulunkulu.

2. UNkulunkulu uzembula kanjani kithi?

Zibeke ngokuqagela endaweni kaNkulunkulu. Badala zonke izinto, kuhlanganise nabantu. Wenze umuntu ngomfanekiso wakho (1. mose 1,26-27) futhi wamnika ikhono lokuthuthukisa ubuhlobo obukhethekile nawe. Ubungeke futhi utshele abantu okuthile ngawe? Mtshele ukuthi ufunani kuye? Mbonise ukuthi ungena kanjani ebuhlotsheni bukaNkulunkulu obufunayo? Noma ubani ocabanga ukuthi uNkulunkulu akaziwa uthatha ngokuthi uNkulunkulu ucasha esidalweni sakhe ngesizathu esithile. Kodwa uNkulunkulu uzembula kithi: endalweni yakhe, emlandweni, eBhayibhelini nangeNdodana yakhe uJesu Kristu. Ake sicabangele lokho uNkulunkulu asibonisa kona ngezenzo zakhe zokuzambula.

Indalo yembula uNkulunkulu

Ingabe umuntu angawuncoma umkhathi omkhulu futhi angafuni ukuvuma ukuthi uNkulunkulu ukhona, ukuthi uphethe wonke amandla ezandleni zakhe, ukuthi uvumela ukuhleleka nokuzwana ukuba kunqobe? AmaRoma 1,20: “Ngokuba ongabonakali kaNkulunkulu, okungamandla akhe aphakade nobuNkulunkulu bakhe, ubonakala emisebenzini yakhe kusukela ekudalweni kwezwe, uma umuntu eyibona. Ukubona isibhakabhaka kwenza iNkosi uDavide yamangala ngokuthi uNkulunkulu wenza okuthile okungabalulekile njengomuntu: “Lapho ngibona izulu, umsebenzi weminwe yakho, inyanga nezinkanyezi ozimisileyo: uyini umuntu ukuba umcabange? yena kanye nengane yomuntu ukuthi uyinakekele?" (Ihubo 8,4-enye).

Impikiswano enkulu phakathi kukaJobe ongabazayo noNkulunkulu nayo idumile. UNkulunkulu umbonisa izimangaliso zakhe, ubufakazi begunya nokuhlakanipha kwakhe okungenamkhawulo. Lokhu kuhlangana kugcwalisa uJobe ngokuzithoba. Izinkulumo zikaNkulunkulu zingafundwa eNcwadini kaJobe ngekhulu lama-38 kuya kwelesi-41. Isahluko. Ngiyaqaphela, uJobe uyavuma, ukuthi ungenza yonke into, futhi akukho lutho ozimisele ukukwenza olunzima kakhulu kuwe. Yingakho ngikhulume ngokungahlakaniphi, okuphakeme kakhulu kimi futhi angikuqondi ... ngizwe ngawe kuphela ngenzwabethi; kodwa manje iso lami likubonile.” ( Jobe 42,2-3,5). Ekudalweni asiboni nje kuphela ukuthi uNkulunkulu ukhona, kodwa futhi sibona izici zobuntu bakhe kukho. Umphumela uba ukuthi ukuhlela endaweni yonke kufanekisela umhleli, umthetho wemvelo uphakamisa isishayamthetho, ukulondolozwa kwazo zonke izidalwa kuphakamisa umsekeli kanye nokuba khona kokuphila okungokwenyama kucabangela umnikezeli wokuphila.

Icebo likaNkulunkulu ngomuntu

UNkulunkulu wayehloseni lapho edala zonke izinto futhi esinika ukuphila? UPawulu wachazela abase-Athene, “... wenza sonke isintu ngomuntu oyedwa, ukuba sihlale emhlabeni wonke, wamisa ukuthi siyakuba khona isikhathi esingakanani nokuthi kufanele sihlale phakathi kwemingcele emingaki ukuba sifune. noma bangamuzwa, bamthole; impela akakude kulowo nalowo kithi, ngokuba siphila kuye, seluka, sikho, njengalokho izimbongi ezithile zasho phakathi kwenu ukuthi: “Singabesizukulwane sakhe.” 17-26). Noma nje, njengoba uJohannes ebhala, ukuthi “sithanda ngoba yena wasithanda kuqala” (1. UJohannes 4,19).

Umlando wembula uNkulunkulu

Abasolayo bayabuza, "Uma ekhona uNkulunkulu, kungani engazibonakalisi emhlabeni?" Futhi "Uma enamandla onke ngokweqiniso, kungani evumela ububi?" Umbuzo wokuqala uthatha ngokuthi uNkulunkulu akakaze azibonakalise esintwini. Okwesibili, ukuthi akanalutho ngezidingo zomuntu noma okungenani akenzi lutho ngakho. Ngokomlando neBhayibheli liqukethe amarekhodi amaningi omlando, zombili izinto zokucabanga azinakubekwa. Kusukela ezinsukwini zomndeni wokuqala wesintu, uNkulunkulu uvame ukuxhumana nabantu ngqo. Kepha isikhathi esiningi abantu abafuni ukwazi lutho ngabo!

U-Isaya uyabhala: “Ngempela, wena unguNkulunkulu ozifihlayo ...” ( Isaya 45,15). UNkulunkulu uvame “ukucasha” lapho abantu bembonisa ngemicabango nangezenzo ukuthi abafuni lutho olubahlanganisa naye noma nezindlela zakhe. Kamuva u-Isaya uyanezela: “Bheka, ingalo kaJehova ayifinyeziwe ukuba ingakwazi ukusiza, nezindlebe zakhe azilukhuni ukuba angezwa, kepha amacala enu anehlukanisa noNkulunkulu, afihle izono zenu phambi kwenu. , ukuze ungezwa” (Isaya 59,1-enye).

Konke kwaqala ngo-Adamu no-Eva. UNkulunkulu wabadala futhi wazibeka ensimini eqhakazayo. Wabe esekhuluma naye ngqo. Wazi ukuthi ukhona. Wababonisa indlela yokusebenzelana naye. Akazange abashiye bazenzele izinqumo, u-Adamu no-Eva kwadingeka bazikhethele. Kwakufanele banqume ukuthi bayafuna yini ukukhulekela uNkulunkulu (ngokomfanekiso: badle emthini wokuphila) noma bangamnaki uNkulunkulu (ngokomfanekiso: badle emthini wokwazi okuhle nokubi). Ukhethe isihlahla esingalungile (1. UMose 2 no-3). Nokho, okuvame ukunganakwa ukuthi u-Adamu no-Eva babazi ukuthi babengamlaleli uNkulunkulu. Bazizwa benecala. Ngokulandelayo lapho uMdali efika ezokhuluma nabo, bezwa, “UJehova uNkulunkulu ehamba ensimini sekupholile, u-Adamu nomkakhe bacasha phansi kwemithi emehlweni kaJehova uNkulunkulu ensimini.”1. mose 3,8).

Pho ubani owayecashile? Hhayi unkulunkulu! Kodwa abantu phambi kukaNkulunkulu. Babefuna ibanga, ukwehlukana phakathi kwakhe naye. Futhi kuhlale kunjalo kusukela ngaleso sikhathi. IBhayibheli ligcwele izibonelo ezibonisa ukuthi uNkulunkulu welula isandla sokusiza isintu nesintu esikhipha leso sandla. UNowa, “umshumayeli wokulunga” (2. Petru 2:5), wachitha ikhulunyaka eligcwele exwayisa umhlaba ngokwahlulela kukaNkulunkulu okuzayo. Umhlaba kawuzwanga wacwila kuZamcolo. ISodoma neGomora elinesono uNkulunkulu walibhubhisa ngesivunguvungu somlilo, umusi waso owakhuphuka njengokukhanya “njengomusi ophuma eziko” ( NW )1. UMose 19,28). Ngisho nalokhu kulungiswa okungaphezu kwemvelo akuwenzanga umhlaba ube ngcono. Iningi leTestamente Elidala lichaza izenzo zikaNkulunkulu kubantu abakhethiwe bakwa-Israyeli. U-Israyeli wayengafuni nokulalela uNkulunkulu. “...ungamvumeli uNkulunkulu akhulume nathi,” kumemeza abantu (2. (Funda uMose 20,19).

UNkulunkulu waphinde wangenela ezinhlwini zemibuso emikhulu njengeGibhithe, iNineve, iBabyon kanye nePheresiya. Wayevame ukukhuluma ngokuqondile nababusi abaphakeme kunabo bonke. Kodwa umhlaba wonke wawulokhu uguquguquka. Okubi nakakhulu, izinceku zikaNkulunkulu eziningi zabulawa ngonya yilabo ezazizama ukuletha isigijimi sikaNkulunkulu kubo. KumaHeberu 1:1-2 ekugcineni uyasitshela: “Ngemva kokuba uNkulunkulu esekhulume kaningi nangezindlela eziningi kokhokho ngabaprofethi, kulezi zinsuku zokugcina wakhuluma kithi ngeNdodana ...” UJesu Kristu weza emhlabeni ukuze ashumayele. ivangeli lensindiso kanye nombuso kaNkulunkulu. Umphumela? “Wayekhona ezweni, izwe lenziwa ngaye, kepha izwe alimazanga.” ( Joh 1,10). Ukuhlangana kwakhe nezwe kwamlethela ukufa.

UJesu, uNkulunkulu osesimweni somuntu, wabonisa uthando nozwela lukaNkulunkulu ngendalo yakhe: “Jerusalema, Jerusalema, wena obulala abaprofethi, ukhanda ngamatshe abathunywe kuwe! ; futhi wawungafuni! " (Mathewu 23,37). Cha, uNkulunkulu akasuki. Waziveza emlandweni. Kodwa abantu abaningi bavale amehlo abo kuye.

Ubufakazi bebhayibheli

IBhayibheli lisikhombisa uNkulunkulu ngalezi zindlela ezilandelayo:

  • Izitatimende zikaNkulunkulu mayelana nokuba kwakhe
    Ngakho embula ku 2. mose 3,14 igama lakhe kuMose: "Ngiyoba lowo engiyoba yikho." UMose wabona isihlahla esivuthayo esingashi. Kuleli gama uzibonakalisa ukuthi ungumuntu futhi uziphilela yena. Ezinye izici zobuyena zembulwe kwamanye amagama akhe aseBhayibhelini. UNkulunkulu wayala ama-Israyeli: “Ngakho niyakuba ngcwele, ngokuba mina ngingcwele.”3. mose 11,45). UNkulunkulu ungcwele. Ku-Isaya 55: 8 uNkulunkulu usitshela ngokucacile: "... imicabango yami ayisiyo imicabango yenu, nezindlela zenu azisizo izindlela zami ..." UNkulunkulu uphila futhi wenza izinto endaweni ephakeme kunathi. UJesu Kristu wayenguNkulunkulu osesimweni somuntu. Uzichaza ‘njengokukhanya kwezwe’ ( Johane 8:12 ), ‘njengoba nginguye’ owayephila ngaphambi kuka-Abrahama ( ivesi 58 ), ‘njengomnyango’ ( Joh. 10,9), ‘njengomalusi omuhle’ ( ivesi 11 ) ‘nanjengendlela neqiniso nokuphila’ ( Johane 14,6).
  • Izitatimende zikaNkulunkulu ngomsebenzi wakhe
    Ukwenza kungokwengqikithi, noma kunalokho kuvela kuyo. Ngakho-ke izitatimende ngokwenza ziphelelisa izitatimende mayelana nokuba. Ngenza "ukukhanya ... futhi ngidala ubumnyama," kusho uNkulunkulu ngaye ngokwakhe ku-Isaya 45,7; Nginikeza "Ukuthula ... futhi ngidale inhlekelele. NginguJehova owenza konke lokhu." Konke okukhona kwadalwa nguNkulunkulu. Futhi uyakwazi okudaliwe. UNkulunkulu futhi ubikezela ikusasa: “NginguNkulunkulu, akekho omunye, uNkulunkulu ongenjengaye. Kusukela ekuqaleni ngimemezele okuzokwenzeka kamuva, nangaphambi kwalokho okungakenzeki. nginqume ukwenzeka, futhi noma yini engizimisele ukuyenza, ngiyoyenza.” (Isaya 4)6,9-10). UNkulunkulu uyalithanda izwe futhi wathumela iNdodana yakhe ukuba ilethe insindiso kulo. “Ngokuba uNkulunkulu walithanda izwe kangaka, waze wanikela ngeNdodana yakhe ezelwe yodwa, ukuba bonke abakholwa yiyo bangabhubhi, kodwa babe nokuphila okuphakade.” ( Joh. 3,16). UNkulunkulu uletha abantwana emndenini wakhe ngoJesu. KusAmbulo 21,7 sifunda ukuthi: “Onqobayo uyakudla ifa lakho konke, futhi ngiyoba nguNkulunkulu wakhe, yena abe yindodana yami”. Ngokuqondene nekusasa, uJesu uthi: “Bheka, ngiyeza masinyane, nomvuzo wami unami, ukumnika yilowo nalowo njengokuba imisebenzi yakhe injalo.” ( IsAmbulo 2 Kor.2,12).
  • Izitatimende zabantu ngemvelo kaNkulunkulu
    UNkulunkulu ubelokhu exhumana nabantu abakhethile ukuba benze intando yakhe. Eziningi zalezi zinceku zisishiyele imininingwane yobuntu bukaNkulunkulu eBhayibhelini. “UJehova unguNkulunkulu wethu, uJehova yedwa,” kusho uMose.5. mose 6,4). Munye kuphela uNkulunkulu. IBhayibheli likhuthaza ukukholelwa kuNkulunkulu oyedwa. (Bheka isahluko sesithathu ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe). Emazwini amaningi omhubi ngoNkulunkulu lapha kuphela lokhu: "Ngokuba ngubani uNkulunkulu uma kungesiye uJehova, noma idwala uma kungesiye uNkulunkulu wethu?" (IHubo 18,32). UNkulunkulu kuphela okufanele akhulekelwe, futhi uyabaqinisa labo abamkhulekelayo. Kunensada yokuqonda ngobunjalo bukaNkulunkulu kumaHubo. Elinye lamavesi aduduza kakhulu emBhalweni 1. UJohannes 4,16: "UNkulunkulu uluthando ..." Ukuqonda okubalulekile othandweni lukaNkulunkulu nentando yakhe ephakeme ngomuntu kungatholakala ku 2. Petru 3:9: "INkosi ... ayifuni ukuba kulahleke muntu, kodwa ukuba wonke umuntu athole ukuphenduka." Isiphi isifiso sikaNkulunkulu esikhulu kunazo zonke ngathi, izidalwa zakhe, nabantwana bakhe? Ukuthi sizosindiswa. Futhi iZwi likaNkulunkulu alibuyeli kuye lingenalutho - liyofeza lokho elalihloselwe ukukwenza (Isaya 55,11). Ukwazi ukuthi injongo kaNkulunkulu inamandla futhi ingasisindisa kufanele kusinike ithemba elikhulu.
  • IBhayibheli liqukethe okushiwo ngabantu ngalokho okwenziwa uNkulunkulu
    UNkulunkulu “ulengisa umhlaba phezu kweze,” kusho uJobe 26,7 isiphetho. Uqondisa amandla anquma ukuzungeza nokujikeleza komhlaba. Esandleni sakhe kukhona ukuphila nokufa kwabakhileyo emhlabeni: “Uma ufihla ubuso bakho, bayesaba; uma ususa umoya wabo, bayadlula, babuye babe luthuli; ukhipha umoya wakho, zidalwe; futhi udala ezintsha isimo somhlaba.” ( IHubo 104,29-30). Noma kunjalo, uNkulunkulu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumninimandla onke, njengoba uMdali onothando enza umuntu ngomfanekiso wakhe futhi wamnika ukubusa phezu komhlaba.1. mose 1,26). Lapho ebona ububi budlangile emhlabeni, “wadabuka ngokuthi wayebenzile abantu emhlabeni, wadabuka enhliziyweni yakhe” ( NW )1. mose 6,6). Wasabela ebubini bezwe ngokuthumela uzamcolo, owashwabadela sonke isintu ngaphandle kukaNowa nomndeni wakhe (1. mose 7,23). Kamuva uNkulunkulu wabiza inzalamizi u-Abrahama futhi wenza naye isivumelwano okwakuyomelwe ngaso “izizukulwane zonke zomhlaba” zibusiswe.1. UMose 12,1-3) kubhekiselwa kuJesu Kristu kakade, inzalo ka-Abrahama. Lapho ebumba abantu bakwa-Israyeli, uNkulunkulu wabahola ngokuyisimangaliso oLwandle Olubomvu futhi wabhubhisa ibutho laseGibhithe: “... ihhashi nomuntu waphonsela olwandle” ( Petru )2. UMose 15,1). U-Israyeli waphula isivumelwano sakhe noNkulunkulu futhi wavumela ubudlova nokungabi nabulungisa kuqubuke. Ngakho-ke, uNkulunkulu wavumela isizwe ukuba sihlaselwe abantu bezinye izizwe futhi ekugcineni basikhiphe eZweni Lesithembiso bayiswa ebugqilini (Hezekeli 2).2,23-31). Nokho uNkulunkulu onesihe wathembisa ukuthumela uMsindisi emhlabeni ukuze enze isivumelwano sokulunga saphakade nabo bonke abaphendukayo ezonweni zabo, ama-Israyeli kanye nabangewona ama-Israyeli.9,20-21). Futhi ekugcineni uNkulunkulu wayithumela ngempela iNdodana yakhe uJesu Kristu. UJesu wathi: “Ngokuba lokhu kuyintando kaBaba ukuba yilowo nalowo obona iNdodana akholwe yiyo abe nokuphila okuphakade, mina-ke ngiyakumvusa ngosuku lokugcina.” ( Johane 6:40 ) UJesu washo lokhu: UNkulunkulu waqinisekisa: “... yilowo nalowo obiza igama leNkosi uyakusindiswa” (Roma 10,13).
  • Namuhla uNkulunkulu ugunyaza ibandla lakhe ukuba lishumayele ivangeli lombuso “emhlabeni wonke kube-ngubufakazi babantu bonke.”4,14). Ngosuku lwePhentekoste ngemva kokuvuka kukaJesu Kristu, uNkulunkulu wathumela uMoya oNgcwele ukuba: ukuhlanganisa ibandla libe ngumzimba kaKristu futhi embule izimfihlakalo zikaNkulunkulu kumaKristu (Izenzo Zabaphostoli 2,1-enye).

IBhayibheli liyincwadi ekhuluma ngoNkulunkulu nobuhlobo besintu naye. Umlayezo wakho usimema ekuhloleni impilo yonke, ukuze sifunde okwengeziwe ngoNkulunkulu, lokho ayikho, lokho akwenzayo, lokho akufunayo, lokho akuhlelayo. Nokho akekho umuntu ongakwazi ukubamba isithombe esiphelele seqiniso likaNkulunkulu. Edunyazwe ngandlela-thile ngenxa yokungakwazi kwakhe ukubamba ukugcwala kukaNkulunkulu, uJohane uphetha ukulandisa kwakhe ngokuphila kukaJesu ngala mazwi: “Ziningi ezinye izinto uJesu azenzayo. kholwa, izwe belingeke lizibambe izincwadi eziyolotshwa” (Johane 21,25).

Ngamafuphi, iBhayibheli likhombisa uNkulunkulu njengo

• ukuba wedwa

• angaboshwa yimikhawulo yesikhathi

• angaboshwa yimikhawulo yendawo

• onamandla onke

• ukwazi konke

• okwedlulele (imi ngaphezu kwendawo yonke)

• immanent (iphathelene nendawo yonke).

Kodwa uyini ngempela uNkulunkulu?

Uprofesa wenkolo wake wazama ukunikeza izilaleli zakhe umbono oseduze ngoNkulunkulu. Ucele abafundi ukuthi bahlanganise izandla benze indilinga enkulu bavale amehlo. “Manje khululeka futhi uzethule kuNkulunkulu,” kusho yena. "Zama ukucabanga ukuthi ubukeka kanjani, ukuthi isihlalo sakhe sobukhosi singabukeka kanjani, ukuthi iphimbo lakhe lingazwakala kanjani, ukuthi kwenzekani nxazonke zakhe." Bevale amehlo, bebambene ngezandla, abafundi bahlala isikhathi eside ezihlalweni zabo futhi bephupha ngezithombe zikaNkulunkulu. "Ngakho?" kubuza uprofessor. “Niyambona? Ngamunye wenu kufanele abe nesithombe esithile engqondweni manje. Kodwa,” kuqhubeka uprofesa, lowo akuyena uNkulunkulu! Cha! wamkhipha emicabangweni yakhe. "Akuyena uNkulunkulu lowo! Umuntu akanakumbamba ngokugcwele ngobuhlakani bethu! Akekho ongambamba uNkulunkulu ngokuphelele, ngoba uNkulunkulu unguNkulunkulu futhi siyizidalwa zenyama nezilinganiselwe kuphela." Ukuqonda okujulile kakhulu. Kungani kunzima kangaka ukuchaza ukuthi ungubani nokuthi uyini uNkulunkulu? Isithiyo esikhulu sisemikhawulweni eshiwo yilowo profesa: Umuntu wenza konke okuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe ngezinzwa zakhe ezinhlanu, futhi ukuqonda kwethu konke kolimi kuhambisana nalokhu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uNkulunkulu ungunaphakade. Akanasiphelo. Akabonakali. Nokho singasho amazwi anengqondo ngoNkulunkulu nakuba silinganiselwe izinzwa zethu zenyama.

Iqiniso elingokomoya, ulimi lomuntu

UNkulunkulu uzibonakalisa ngokungaqondile ekudalweni. Sekukaningi engenelela emlandweni womhlaba. Izwi lakhe, iBhayibheli, lisitshela okuningi ngaye. Ubuye wavela ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene kwabanye abantu eBhayibhelini. Noma kunjalo, uNkulunkulu ungumoya, konke ukugcwala kwakhe akukwazi ukubukwa, ukuthintwa noma ukuhogela. Ibhayibheli lisinikeza amaqiniso ngomqondo kaNkulunkulu ngendlela izinto eziphilayo ezingaziqonda emhlabeni wazo wenyama. Kodwa la magama awanakukwazi ukumela uNkulunkulu ngokuphelele.

Ngokwesibonelo, iBhayibheli libiza uNkulunkulu ngokuthi “idwala” nangokuthi “inqaba” ( IHubo 18,3), “Isihlangu” ( IHubo 144,2), “umlilo oqothulayo” (Hebheru 12,29). Siyazi ukuthi uNkulunkulu akahambisani ngokoqobo nalezi zinto ezingokoqobo. Ziyizimpawu, ezisekelwe kulokho okuqaphelekayo nokuqondakalayo ngokobuntu, zisisondeza ezicini ezibalulekile zikaNkulunkulu.

IBhayibheli lize lithi uNkulunkulu unesimo somuntu, okwembula izici zobuntu bakhe nobuhlobo bakhe nomuntu. Iziqephu zichaza uNkulunkulu ngomzimba ( Filipi 3:21 ); ikhanda elilodwa nonwele olulodwa (Isambulo 1,14); ubuso (1. UMose 32,31; 2. UMose 33,23; IsAmbulo 1:16); Amehlo nezindlebe (5. mose 11,12; IHubo 34,16; i-epiphany 1,14); Ikhala (1. mose 8,21; 2. UMose 15,8); Umlomo (Mathewu 4,4; i-epiphany 1,16); Izindebe (Job 11,5); Izwi (IHubo 68,34; i-epiphany 1,15); Ulimi nomoya ( Isaya 30,27:28-4 ); Izingalo, izandla neminwe (Ihubo 4,3-4; 8th9,14; amaHebheru 1,3; 2. IziKronike 18,18; 2. UMose 31,18; 5. mose 9,10; IHubo 8:4; i-epiphany 1,16); Amahlombe (Isaya 9,5); Isifuba (isambulo 1,13); Susa (2. UMose 33,23); Ama-Hips (Hezekeli 1,27); Izinyawo (Ihubo 18,10; i-epiphany 1,15).

Ngokuvamile lapho sikhuluma ngobuhlobo bethu noNkulunkulu, iBhayibheli lisebenzisa ulimi oluthathwe ekuphileni komkhaya wesintu. UJesu usifundisa ukuthandaza: "Baba wethu osezulwini!" (Mathewu 6,9). UNkulunkulu ufuna ukududuza abantu bakhe njengoba umama eduduza abantwana bakhe (Isaya 66,13). UJesu akanamahloni okubiza labo abakhethwe uNkulunkulu ngabafowabo (Hebheru 2,11); ungumfowabo omdala, izibulo (Roma 8,29). KusAmbulo 21,7 UNkulunkulu uyathembisa: “Onqobayo uyodla ifa lakho konke, futhi ngiyoba nguNkulunkulu wakhe, futhi uyoba yindodana yami. Yebo, uNkulunkulu ubizela amaKristu esibophweni somkhaya nabantwana bakhe. IBhayibheli lisichaza lesi sibopho ngendlela abantu abangayiqonda. Udweba isithombe seqiniso eliphakeme kakhulu elingokomoya elingabizwa ngokuthi i-impressionistic. Lokhu akusiniki ububanzi obugcwele beqiniso elingokomoya lesikhathi esizayo elikhazimulayo. Injabulo kanye nenkazimulo yobudlelwane bokugcina noNkulunkulu njengabantwana Bakhe kukhulu kakhulu kunolimi lwethu olulinganiselwe olungaluveza. Ngakho sitshele 1. UJohannes 3,2: "Bathandekayo, sesingabantwana bakaNkulunkulu, kepha akukabonakali esiyakuba yikho. Kepha siyazi ukuthi, lapho kubonakala, sizofana naye, ngokuba sizombona njengoba enjalo." Ovukweni, lapho ukuphelela kwensindiso nombuso kaNkulunkulu sekufikile, ekugcineni siyomazi “ngokugcwele” uNkulunkulu. “Manje sibona isithombe esimnyama esibukweni,” kubhala uPawulu, “kodwa lapho ubuso nobuso. Manje ngazi kancane kancane;1. AbaseKorinte 13,12).

"Ongibonayo ubona ubaba"

Ukuzembula kukaNkulunkulu, njengoba sesibonile, kungendalo, umlando, kanye nemibhalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uNkulunkulu wazembula kumuntu ngokuthi yena ngokwakhe waba umuntu. waba njengathi, waphila, wakhonza, wafundisa phakathi kwethu. Ukuza kukaJesu kwakuyisenzo sikaNkulunkulu esikhulu sokuzambula. “Futhi izwi laba yinyama (Joh 1,14). UJesu wazikhulula emalungelweni kaNkulunkulu futhi waba umuntu, umuntu ngokugcwele. Wafela izono zethu, wavuswa kwabafileyo, futhi wahlela iBandla laKhe. Ukuza kukaKristu kwabashaqisa abantu bosuku lwakhe. Kungani? Ngoba umfanekiso wabo ngoNkulunkulu wawungekude ngokwanele, njengoba sizobona ezahlukweni ezimbili ezilandelayo. Noma kunjalo, uJesu wathi kubafundi bakhe: “Ongibona mina ubona uBaba! ( Johane 14:9 ) Ngamafuphi: UNkulunkulu wazembula kuJesu Kristu.

3. Kakho unkulunkulu ngaphandle kwami

UbuJuda, ubuKristu, ubuSulumane. Zonke izinkolo zomhlaba ezintathu zibiza u-Abrahama njengobaba. U-Abrahama wayehlukile kubantu besikhathi sakhe ngendlela eyodwa ebalulekile: Wayekhonza uNkulunkulu munye kuphela - uNkulunkulu weqiniso. Ukukholelwa kuNkulunkulu munye okuyinkolelo yokuthi kunoNkulunkulu oyedwa kuphela kuchaza ukuqala kwenkolo yeqiniso.

U-Abrahama Wayekhulekela UNkulunkulu Weqiniso U-Abrahama wayengazalelwanga esikweni elikholelwa kuNkulunkulu oyedwa. Emakhulwini eminyaka kamuva, uNkulunkulu wayala u-Israyeli wasendulo: “Oyihlo bahlala ngaphesheya kwe-Ewufrathe, uThera, no-Abrahama uyise kaNahori, bakhonza abanye onkulunkulu. laseKhanani futhi babe ngobulili obuningi ... "(Joshuwa 24,2-enye).

Ngaphambi kokubizwa kwakhe nguNkulunkulu, u-Abrahama wayehlala e-Uri; cishe okhokho bakhe babehlala eHarana. Onkulunkulu abaningi babekhulekelwa kuzo zombili izindawo. Ngokwesibonelo, e-Uri kwakuneziggurat elikhulu elalinikezelwe kunkulunkulu wenyanga yamaSumeri uNanna. Amanye amathempeli ase-Uri ayekhonza izinkolo ze-An, Enlil, Enki kanye ne-NingaL. UNkulunkulu u-Abrahama wagijima waphuma kulo mhlaba wokukholwa onkulunkulu abaningi: "Phuma ezweni lakho, nasezihlotsheni zakho, nasendlini kayihlo, uye ezweni engifuna ukulibonisa. wena. Futhi ngifuna ukunenza abantu abakhulu ... "(1. UMose 12,1-enye).

U-Abrahama wamlalela uNkulunkulu wahamba (v. 4). Ngomqondo othile, ubuhlobo bukaNkulunkulu no-Israyeli baqala ngalesi sikhathi: lapho eziveza ku-Abrahama. UNkulunkulu wenza isivumelwano no-Abrahama. Kamuva wasivuselela isivumelwano nendodana ka-Abrahama u-Isaka futhi kamuva wayesesenendodana ka-Isaka uJakobe. U-Abrahama, u-Isaka noJakobe babekhonza uNkulunkulu oyedwa weqiniso. Lokhu futhi kwabenza bahluka ezihlotsheni zabo eziseduze. ULabani, umzukulu kaNahori, umfowabo ka-Abrahama, wayesazi onkulunkulu basekhaya (izithixo) (1. UMose 31,30-enye).

UNkulunkulu usindisa u-Israyeli ekukhonzeni izithombe zaseGibhithe

Emashumini eminyaka kamuva, uJakobe (oqanjwe kabusha ngokuthi u-Israyeli) wazinza eGibhithe nabantwana bakhe. Abantwana bakwa-Israyeli bahlala eGibhithe amakhulu eminyaka. E-Egypt, kwakukhona ukukholelwa kwe-polytheism. I-Lexicon of the Bible (Eltville 1990) iyabhala: “Inkolo [yaseGibhithe] iyinhlanganisela yezinkolo zama-nomos, lapho kuvela khona onkulunkulu abaningi abethulwe bevela kwamanye amazwe (uBhali, u-Astarte, uBes oqumbile), kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuphikisana okukhona phakathi kwabo. imibono ehlukahlukene eyavela ... Emhlabeni onkulunkulu bazihlanganisa ezilwaneni ezibonakala ngezibonakaliso ezithile "(p. 17-18).

EGibhithe abantwana bakwa-Israyeli banda kodwa bawela ebugqilini baseGibhithe. UNkulunkulu wembulwa ochungechungeni lwezenzo ezaholela ekukhululweni kuka-Israyeli eGibhithe. Ngemva kwalokho wenza isivumelwano nesizwe sakwa-Israyeli. Njengoba lezi zehlakalo zibonisa, ukuzambula kukaNkulunkulu kumuntu bekulokhu kuwukukholelwa kuNkulunkulu oyedwa. Uziveza kuMose njengoNkulunkulu ka-Abrahama, u-Isaka noJakobe. Igama azinikeza lona ("Ngiyoba" noma "Nginguye", 2. mose 3,14), lisikisela ukuthi abanye onkulunkulu abekho ngendlela uNkulunkulu aphila ngayo. UNkulunkulu ukhona. Awuyona!

Ngenxa yokuthi uFaro akafuni ukukhulula ama-Israyeli, uNkulunkulu uhlazisa iGibhithe ngezinhlupho eziyishumi. Eziningi zalezi zinhlupho zibonisa ngqo ukungabi namandla konkulunkulu baseGibhithe. Isibonelo, omunye wonkulunkulu baseGibhithe unenhloko yeselesele. Inhlupho kaNkulunkulu yamasele yenza ukukholwa kwalo nkulunkulu kube yinto ehlekisayo.

Ngisho nangemva kokubona imiphumela ebuhlungu yezinhlupho eziyishumi, uFaro wenqaba ukukhulula ama-Israyeli. Khona-ke uNkulunkulu ubhubhisa ibutho laseGibhithe olwandle (2. UMose 14,27). Lesi senzo sibonisa ukungabi namandla kukankulunkulu wolwandle waseGibhithe. Ukucula izingoma zokunqoba (2. UMose 15,1-21), abantwana bakwa-Israyeli badumisa uNkulunkulu wabo uMninimandla onke.

UNkulunkulu weqiniso uyatholakala futhi ulahlekile futhi

Ukusuka eGibhithe, uNkulunkulu uhola ama-Israyeli eSinayi, lapho avala khona isivumelwano. Emthethweni wokuqala kweyishumi, uNkulunkulu ugcizelela ukuthi ukukhonzwa kufanele kuye yedwa: “Ungabi nabanye onkulunkulu ngaphandle kwami” (2. (Funda uMose 20,3:4). Emyalweni wesibili wenqabela izithombe nokukhonza izithombe (amavesi 5). Ngokuphindaphindiwe uMose uyala ama-Israyeli ukuba angavumeli ukukhonza izithombe (5. mose 4,23-ishumi nesithupha; 7,5; I-12,2-3; 2th9,15-20). Uyazi ukuthi ama-Israyeli azolingeka ukuba alandele onkulunkulu baseKhanani lapho efika ezweni lesithembiso.

Igama lomthandazo elithi Sh’ma (NgesiHeberu “Yizwa!”, Ngemva kwegama lokuqala lalo mthandazo) libonisa ukuzibophezela kukaIsrayeli kuNkulunkulu. Iqala kanje: “Yizwa, Israyeli, uJehova unguNkulunkulu wethu, uJehova yedwa. Wothanda uJehova uNkulunkulu wakho ngayo yonke inhliziyo yakho, nangawo wonke umphefumulo wakho, nangawo onke amandla akho.”5. mose 6,4-5). Nokho, uIsrayeli uwela ngokuphindaphindiwe konkulunkulu baseKhanani, kuhlanganise no-EI (igama elivamile elingase lisetshenziswe nakuNkulunkulu weqiniso), uBhali, uDagoni no-Asthoreth (elinye igama likankulunkulukazi u-Astarte noma u-Ishtar). Inkonzo kaBali iheha ama-Israyeli ngokukhethekile. Lapho ethatha izwe laseKhanani njengekoloni, ayethembele esivunweni esihle. UBhali, unkulunkulu wesiphepho, ukhulekelwa emicikilishweni yenzalo. I<em>The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia: “Ngenxa yokuthi igxile ekuvundeni komhlaba nezilwane, inkolo yenzalo kumelwe ukuba yayihlale inethonya elikhangayo emiphakathini efana no-Israyeli wasendulo, umnotho wayo wawungowasemaphandleni ngokuyinhloko” ( Umqulu 4, ikhasi 101) .

Abaprofethi bakaNkulunkulu bayala ama-Israyeli ukuba aphenduke ekuhlubukeni kwawo. U-Eliya ubuza abantu: “Koze kube nini nixhugela nhlangothi zombili? Uma uJehova enguNkulunkulu, mlandeleni, kodwa uma kunguBhali, mlandeleni.”1. Amakhosi 18,21). UNkulunkulu uphendula umthandazo ka-Eliya ukuze abonise ukuthi unguNkulunkulu yedwa. Abantu bayabona ukuthi: “UJehova unguNkulunkulu, uJehova unguNkulunkulu!” (Ivesi 39).

UNkulunkulu akazivezi nje ukuthi umkhulu kunabo bonke onkulunkulu, kodwa njengowukuphela kukaNkulunkulu: “NginguJehova, akakho omunye, akakho unkulunkulu ngaphandle” (Isaya 4)5,5). Futhi: “Ngaphambi kwami ​​akakho uNkulunkulu, ngakho akakho omunye emva kwami. Mina, mina, nginguJehova, ngaphandle kwami ​​akakho umsindisi” (Isaya 4)3,10-enye).

UbuJuda - kukholwa uNkulunkulu munye

Inkolo yamaJuda ngesikhathi sikaJesu yayingeyona eyokukholelwa kuNkulunkulu (ithatha onkulunkulu abaningi, kodwa ibheka oyedwa njengomkhulu kunabo bonke) futhi yayingeyona eyokukholelwa kuNkulunkulu oyedwa (ivumela kuphela inkolo kankulunkulu oyedwa, kodwa icabangela abanye ukuba babe khona), kodwa yayikholelwa ngokuqinile kuNkulunkulu oyedwa (ekholelwa ukuthi kukhona kuphela uNkulunkulu oyedwa). NgokweTheological Dictionary of the New Testament, amaJuda ayengamunye ngaphandle kokukholelwa kuNkulunkulu oyedwa (Umqulu 3, ikhasi 98).

Kuze kube namuhla, ukuphindaphinda i-Sh’ma kuyingxenye ebalulekile yenkolo yamaJuda. URabbi Akiba (wafela ukholo ngo 2. I-Century AD), okuthiwa wabulawa ngesikhathi ethandaza iSh'ma, kuthiwa wayevame ukuhlukumeza ekuhluphekeni kwakhe. 5. mose 6,4 washo waphefumula okokugcina igama elithi "yedwa".

UJesu ku-monotheism

Lapho umbhali ebuza uJesu ukuthi imuphi umyalo omkhulu kunayo yonke, uJesu waphendula ngokucaphuna kweShema: “Yizwa, Israyeli, uJehova uNkulunkulu wethu nguye yedwa uJehova; umphefumulo wakho, ngayo yonke ingqondo yakho, nangawo onke amandla akho.” ( Marku 12:29-30 ) Umbhali uyavuma, “Mfundisi, impela ukhulume kahle! Munye kuphela, futhi akekho omunye ngaphandle kwakhe ..." (ivesi 32).

Esahlukweni esilandelayo sizobona ukuthi ukuza kukaJesu kujula futhi kwandise umfanekiso kaNkulunkulu webandla leTestamente Elisha. UJesu uthi uyiNdodana kaNkulunkulu futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo munye noYise. UJesu uqinisekisa ukukholelwa kuNkulunkulu oyedwa. I<em>Theological Dictionary of the New Testament iyagcizelela: “Nge-Christology [yeTestamente Elisha], ukukholelwa kuNkulunkulu oyedwa kobuKristu bakuqala kuyahlanganiswa, akunyakaziswa ... Ngokusho kwamaVangeli, uJesu uqinisa ngisho nesivumo sokholo sokukholelwa kuNkulunkulu oyedwa” ( Umqulu 3, ikhasi 102 ).

Ngisho nezitha zikaKristu ziyakufakazela: “Nkosi, siyazi ukuthi uneqiniso, awubuzi ngamuntu, ngokuba awuhloniphi udumo lwabantu, kodwa ufundisa indlela kaNkulunkulu ngokufanele” ( ivesi 14 ). Njengoba imiBhalo ibonisa, uJesu ‘unguKristu kaNkulunkulu’ (Luka 9,20), “uKristu, okhethiweyo kaNkulunkulu” ( Luka 23:35 ). “UyiWundlu likaNkulunkulu” (Joh 1,29) kanye “nesinkwa sikaNkulunkulu” (uJohane 6,33). UJesu, iZwi, wayenguNkulunkulu (Joh 1,1). Mhlawumbe amazwi acacile akholelwa kuNkulunkulu oyedwa uJesu awasho atholakala kuMarku 10,17-18. Lapho othile embiza ngokuthi “nkosi enhle,” uJesu uyaphendula: “Ungibiza ngani ngokuthi ngimuhle?

Okushunyayelwa ibandla lokuqala

UJesu wayala ibandla lakhe ukuthi lishumayele ivangeli futhi lenze abantu bazo zonke izizwe babe abafundi (Mathewu 28,18-20). Ngakho-ke, ngokushesha washumayeza abantu ababethonywe isiko lokukholelwa konkulunkulu abaningi. Lapho uPawulu noBarnaba beshumayela futhi benza izimangaliso eListra, ukusabela kwezakhamuzi kwabonisa ukucabanga kwabo ngokuqinile kokukhulekela onkulunkulu abaningi: “Kodwa lapho amaxuku ebona lokho uPawulu ayekwenzile, aphakamisa amazwi awo, amemeza eLikawoni: Onkulunkulu baye balingana nabantu futhi bafana nabantu. behlela kithi, babiza uBarnaba ngokuthi uZeyusi noPawulu ngokuthi uHermesi…” ( IzE4,11-12). UHermes noZeus kwakungonkulunkulu ababili abavela kunkulunkulu bamaGreki. Kokubili izithixo zamaGreki namaRoma zaziwa kakhulu emhlabeni weTestamente Elisha, futhi inkolo yonkulunkulu bamaGreki namaRoma yadlondlobala. UPawulu noBarnaba baphendula ngokushisekela ukukholelwa kuNkulunkulu oyedwa: “Nathi singabantu abafayo njengani futhi sinishumayeza ivangeli lokuba niphenduke kulaba nkulunkulu bamanga niphendukele kuNkulunkulu ophilayo, owenza izulu nomhlaba nolwandle nakho konke okukukho.” (Ivesi 15). Noma kunjalo, babengakwazi ukuvimbela abantu ukuba babenzele imihlatshelo.

E-Athene uPawulu wathola ama-altare onkulunkulu abaningi abahlukahlukene - ngisho ne-altare elalinikezelwe "kuNkulunkulu ongaziwa" ( IzEnzo 17,23). Wasebenzisa leli altare “njengehhuku” entshumayelweni yakhe yokukholelwa kuNkulunkulu oyedwa kwabase-Athene. E-Efesu, ihlelo lika-Arthemisi (Diana) lalihambisana nokuhweba okugcwele kwezithombe. Ngemva kokuba uPawulu eshumayele ngowukuphela kukaNkulunkulu weqiniso, lolohwebo lwadamba. Umkhandi wegolide uDemetriyu, owalahlekelwa ngenxa yalokho, wakhononda ngokuthi “loPawulu ukhipha isisu, uyancenga futhi uthi: Okwenziwa ngezandla akusibo onkulunkulu” ( IzEnzo 19:26 ) . Inceku kaNkulunkulu iyaphinda futhi ishumayela ubuze bezithombe ezenziwe abantu. NjengeLidala, iTestamente Elisha limemezela uNkulunkulu oyedwa weqiniso. Abanye onkulunkulu abasibo.

Akekho omunye unkulunkulu

UPawulu utshela amaKristu aseKorinte ngokucacile ukuthi uyazi “ukuthi asikho isithombe ezweni nokuthi akakho unkulunkulu ngaphandle koyedwa” (1. AbaseKorinte 8,4).

UMonotheism unquma iTestamente Elidala neLisha. UAbrahama, uyise wamakholwa, wabiza uNkulunkulu ukuba aphume emphakathini onenkohliso. UNkulunkulu waziveza kuMose nakwa-Israyeli futhi wasungula isivumelwano esidala ngokuzikhonza wedwa.Wathumela abaprofethi ukugcizelela umyalezo wokukholelwa kuNkulunkulu munye. Futhi ekugcineni, noJesu uqobo waqinisekisa ukukholelwa kuNkulunkulu munye. ISonto leTestamente Elisha walisungula lilwa njalo nezinkolelo ezingameleli ukukholelwa kuNkulunkulu munye. Kusukela ezinsukwini zeTestamente Elisha, isonto belishumayela ngokungaguquki lokho uNkulunkulu akwembula kudala: Munye kuphela uNkulunkulu, "iNkosi yodwa".

4. UNkulunkulu wembulwa kuJesu Kristu

IBhayibheli lifundisa ukuthi, “Kukhona uNkulunkulu oyedwa kuphela.” Hhayi ezimbili, ezintathu noma inkulungwane. UNkulunkulu kuphela okhona. UbuKristu buyinkolo ekholelwa kuNkulunkulu oyedwa, njengoba sibonile esahlukweni sesithathu. Yingakho ukufika kukaKristu kwabangela isiyaluyalu ngaleso sikhathi.

Inkathazo kumaJuda

NgoJesu Kristu, “ngobukhazikhazi benkazimulo yakhe nangomfanekiso wobuntu bakhe,” uNkulunkulu wazibonakalisa kumuntu (Hebheru 1,3). UJesu wabiza uNkulunkulu ngokuthi uYise (Mathewu 10,32-33; Luka 23,34; UJohane 10,15) wathi: "Ongibona mina ubona ubaba!" ( Johane 14:9 ) Washo ngesibindi: “Mina noBaba simunye” (Johane 10:30). Ngemva kokuvuka kwakhe, uTomase wambiza ngokuthi: “Nkosi yami, Nkulunkulu wami!” ( Johane 20:28 ) UJesu Kristu wayenguNkulunkulu.

UbuJuda abukwazanga ukukwamukela lokhu. “UJehova unguNkulunkulu wethu, uJehova yedwa” (5. mose 6,4); lesi sigwebo esivela kumaSh’ma sekuyisikhathi eside sakha isisekelo sokholo lobuJuda. Kodwa kwafika indoda eyayinokuqonda okujulile kwemibhalo namandla ayisimangaliso eyayithi iyiNdodana kaNkulunkulu. Abanye abaholi bamaJuda bamazi njengomfundisi ovela kuNkulunkulu (Joh 3,2).

Kodwa indodana kaNkulunkulu? Kungenzeka kanjani ukuthi oyedwa, uNkulunkulu kuphela abe ubaba nendodana ngesikhathi esisodwa? “Yingakho amaJuda azama nakakhulu ukumbulala,” kusho uJohannes 5,18, “ngoba akagcinanga nje ngokwephula iSabatha, kodwa futhi wathi uNkulunkulu unguYise.” Ekugcineni, amaJuda amgwebela ukufa ngoba emehlweni awo wayehlambalazile: “Khona-ke umpristi omkhulu waphinda wambuza futhi wathi kuye. : Wena unguKristu, iNdodana yoBongekayo na? Kodwa uJesu wathi: Yimi; futhi niyobona iNdodana yomuntu ihlezi ngakwesokunene samandla futhi iza namafu ezulu. Khona umpristi omkhulu waklebhula izingubo zakhe, futhi wathi: "Sisweleni ofakazi abaningi?" Nikuzwile ukuhlambalaza. Sithini isinqumo sakho? Kodwa bonke bamlahla ngokuthi unecala lokufa” (Marku 14,6I-1-64).

Ubuwula kumaGreki

Kodwa ngisho namaGreki esikhathi sikaJesu awazange akwamukele lokho okwashiwo uJesu. Akukho lutho, ayeqiniseka ngalo, olungavala igebe phakathi kokungaguquki okuphakade kanye ne-ephemeral-material. Ngakho-ke amaGreki ahlekisa ngenkulumo ejulile kaJohane elandelayo: “Ekuqaleni wayekhona uLizwi, futhi uLizwi wayekuNkulunkulu, futhi uNkulunkulu wayeyizwi... Futhi uLizwi waba yinyama, wakha phakathi kwethu, futhi sabona inkazimulo yakhe , inkazimulo njengeNdodana ezelwe yodwa evela kuYise, egcwele umusa neqiniso.” (Joh 1,1, 14). Lokho akwanele kokungakholeki kongakholwayo. UNkulunkulu akagcinanga nje ngokuba umuntu futhi wafa, wavuswa kwabafileyo waphinde wazuza udumo lwakhe lwangaphambili7,5). Umphostoli uPawulu wabhalela abase-Efesu ukuthi uNkulunkulu “wamvusa uKristu kwabafileyo futhi wamisa uKristu ngakwesokunene sakhe ezulwini” ( Efesu 1:20 ).

UPawulu ukhuluma ngokucacile ngokukhathazeka uJesu Kristu akubangela kumaJuda namaGreki: “Ngokuba izwe lizungezwe ukuhlakanipha kukaNkulunkulu alimazanga uNkulunkulu ngokuhlakanipha kwalo, kwaba kuhle kuNkulunkulu ukusindisa abakholwayo ngobuwula bentshumayelo. ngokuba abaJuda bafuna izibonakaliso namaGreki acela ukuhlakanipha, kepha thina sishumayela uKristu obethelwe esiphambanweni, okuyicala kumaJuda nobuwula kumaGreki.1. AbaseKorinte 1,21-23). Yilabo ababiziwe kuphela abangaqonda futhi bamukele izindaba ezimangalisayo zevangeli, kusho uPawulu; “Kulabo ababiziweyo, amaJuda namaGreki, sishumayela uKristu ongamandla kaNkulunkulu nokuhlakanipha kukaNkulunkulu. Ngokuba ubuwula bukaNkulunkulu buhlakaniphe kunabantu, nobuthakathaka bukaNkulunkulu bunamandla kunabantu” ( ivesi 24-25 ) ). Futhi kwabaseRoma 1,16 kubabaza uPawulu: "... Anginamahloni ngevangeli, ngokuba lingamandla kaNkulunkulu asindisa bonke abakholwayo kulo, amaJuda kuqala, namaGreki."

"Mina ngiyisicabha"

Ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe kwasemhlabeni, uJesu, uNkulunkulu othathe isimo somuntu, waqhumisa imibono eminingi emidala, ethandwayo - kodwa engamanga - ngokuthi uNkulunkulu uyini, uhlala kanjani uNkulunkulu nokuthi uNkulunkulu ufunani. Uqhakambise amaqiniso iTestamente Elidala elaliwakhombe kuphela. Futhi wamemezela, kuqeda nje
ukusindiswa kungenzeka ngaye.

“Mina ngiyindlela, neqiniso, nokuphila,” wamemezela, “akekho oza kuBaba ngaphandle kwami” (Johane 1)4,6). Futhi: "Mina ngingumvini, nina ningamagatsha; ohlala kimi, nami kuye, ubaleka kakhulu; ngokuba ngaphandle kwami ​​ningenze lutho. Lowo ongahlali kimi uyakulahlwa njengegatsha, alahlwe. ziyabuna, zibuthwe, ziphonswe emlilweni, zishe.” ( Johane 15,5-6). Ngaphambili wathi: “Mina ngiyisango; uma umuntu engena ngami, uyakusindiswa .. . . 10,9).

UJesu ungunkulunkulu

UJesu unesibopho sokukholelwa kuNkulunkulu oyedwa esihlanganisa 5. mose 6,4 ekhulumayo futhi enanela yonke indawo eTestamenteni Elidala, ayichithwanga. Ngokuphambene, njengoba nje engawuchithi umthetho, kodwa kunalokho uyawunweba ( Mathewu 5, 17, 21-22, 27-28 ), manje unweba umqondo kaNkulunkulu “oyedwa” ngendlela engalindelekile neze. Uyachaza: “Munye kuphela uNkulunkulu, kepha izwi likuNkulunkulu kuze kube phakade (Joh 1,1-2). Izwi laba yinyama - libe ngumuntu ngokugcwele futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo libe nguNkulunkulu ngokugcwele - futhi ngokuthanda kwalo lalahla wonke amalungelo angcwele. UJesu, “osesimweni sobuNkulunkulu, akashongo ukuthi ukulingana noNkulunkulu kungukuphanga, kepha wazidela, wathatha isimo senceku, waba njengabantu,
Ukubukeka okuqashelwa njengomuntu. Wazithoba futhi walalela kwaze kwaba sekufeni, kwaze kwaba sekufeni esiphambanweni.” (Filipi 2,6-enye).

UJesu wayengumuntu ngokugcwele futhi enguNkulunkulu ngokugcwele. Wayala phezu kwawo wonke amandla negunya likaNkulunkulu, kodwa wazithoba emikhawulweni yobukhona bomuntu ngenxa yethu. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi sokuzalwa, indodana, yahlala "eyodwa" noyise. "Ongibonayo ubona ubaba!" wathi uJesu (Johane 14,9). “Mina ngingenze lutho ngokwami. Njengoba ngizwa, ngiyahlulela, futhi ukwahlulela kwami ​​kulungile, ngoba angifuni intando yami, kodwa intando yalowo ongithumileyo.” ( Joh. 5,30). Wathi wayengenzi lutho ngokwakhe, kodwa wayekhuluma njengoba nje uyise amfundisa (Joh 8,28).

Ngaphambi nje kokubethelwa kwakhe esiphambanweni wachazela abafundi bakhe: “Ngaphuma kuBaba futhi ngeza ezweni, futhi ngiyawushiya umhlaba futhi ngiya kuBaba.” ( Johane 16,28). UJesu weza emhlabeni ukuzofela izono zethu. Wafika ezoqala ibandla lakhe. Weza ukuzoqalisa ukushunyayelwa kwevangeli emhlabeni wonke. Futhi weza ukuze embule uNkulunkulu kubantu. Ikakhulukazi, wenza abantu bazi ngobuhlobo bukaYise neNdodana obukhona ebuNkulunkulu.

Ngokwesibonelo, iVangeli likaJohane lilandelela ngokuyinhloko indlela uJesu amembula ngayo uYise esintwini. Izingxoxo zikaJesu zePhasika ( Johane 13-17 ) zithakazelisa ngokukhethekile kulokhu. Yeka ulwazi olumangalisayo ngesimo sikaNkulunkulu! Ukwembulwa kukaJesu okwengeziwe mayelana nobuhlobo bentando kaNkulunkulu phakathi kukaNkulunkulu nomuntu kumangalisa nakakhulu. Umuntu angahlanganyela esimweni sobunkulunkulu! UJesu watshela abafundi bakhe: “Lowo onemiyalo yami futhi ayigcine, nguyena ongithandayo. Kodwa lowo ongithandayo uyothandwa nguBaba, nami ngiyomthanda futhi ngizembule kuye.” ( Johane 14,21). UNkulunkulu ufuna ukuhlanganisa umuntu naye ngobudlelwano bothando - uthando lolo hlobo olukhona phakathi kukaBaba neNdodana. UNkulunkulu uyazembula kubantu abasebenza kubo lolu thando. UJesu uyaqhubeka: “Ongithandayo uyakugcina izwi lami; nobaba uyakumthanda, futhi siyakuza kuye, sihlale naye. Kepha ongangithandiyo akayikugcina amazwi ami. ukuzwa akusilo izwi lami, kodwa ngelikaBaba ongithumileyo
"(Amavesi 23-24).

Noma ubani oza kuNkulunkulu ngokukholwa kuJesu Kristu futhi ebeka ukuphila kwakhe ngokwethembeka kuNkulunkulu, uNkulunkulu uhlala kuye. UPetru washumayela: “Phendukani, nibhapathizwe yilowo nalowo egameni likaJesu Kristu kukho ukuthethelelwa kwezono zenu, khona niyakwamukeliswa isipho sikaMoya oNgcwele.” ( IzE. 2,38). UMoya oNgcwele unguNkulunkulu futhi, njengoba sizobona esahlukweni esilandelayo. UPawulu wayazi ukuthi uNkulunkulu uhlala kuye: “Ngabethelwa esiphambanweni kanye noKristu. Ngiyaphila, kodwa manje akusemina, kodwa uKristu uphila kimi. wangithanda futhi wazinikela ngenxa yami” (Galathiya 2,20).

Ukuphila kukaNkulunkulu kumuntu kufana “nokuzalwa okusha,” njengoba uJesu echaza kuJohane 3:3 . Ngalokhu kuzalwa okungokomoya umuntu uqala impilo entsha kuNkulunkulu, abe yisakhamuzi sabangcwele kanye nendlu kaNkulunkulu (Kwabase-Efesu 2:19). UPawulu ubhala ukuthi uNkulunkulu “wasisindisa emandleni obumnyama” futhi “wasidlulisela embusweni weNdodana yakhe ethandekayo, esithola ngayo ukuhlengwa, okungukuthi ukuthethelelwa kwezono.” ( Kolose 1,13-14). UmKristu uyisakhamuzi sombuso kaNkulunkulu. "Bathandekayo, sesingabantwana bakaNkulunkulu" (1. Johane 3:2). KuJesu Kristu, uNkulunkulu wembulwa ngokugcwele. “Ngokuba kuhlala kuye konke ukugcwala kobuNkulunkulu ngokomzimba” (Kolose 2:9). Lesi sambulo sisho ukuthini kithi? Singaba abahlanganyeli bemvelo yobunkulunkulu!

UPetru ufinyelela esiphethweni: “Konke okukhonza ukuphila nokumesaba uNkulunkulu sikunikwe ngamandla akhe obuNkulunkulu ngokumazi yena owasibiza ngenkazimulo namandla akhe. Ngaye siphiwe izithembiso ezithandeka kakhulu nezinkulu kakhulu, ukuze ngakho nibe nesabelo esimweni sobuNkulunkulu, senibalekele izinkanuko zezwe ezonakalisayo.”2. UPetrus 1,3-enye).

UKristu - isambulo esiphelele sikaNkulunkulu

UNkulunkulu waziveza kanjani ngqo kuJesu Kristu? Kukho konke ayekucabanga futhi akwenzayo, uJesu wembula isimo sikaNkulunkulu. UJesu wafa wavuswa kwabafileyo ukuze umuntu asindiswe futhi abuyisane noNkulunkulu futhi athole impilo engunaphakade. AmaRoma 5: 10-11 ayasitshela: "Ngoba uma sesibuyisene noNkulunkulu ngokufa kweNdodana yakhe, siseyizitha, siyakusindiswa kakhulu kangakanani ngempilo yakhe manje, lapho sesibuyisene. Kepha hhayi kuphela lokho, kodwa futhi siyaziqhayisa ngoNkulunkulu ngoHenn wethu uJesu Kristu, esesitholile ngaye ukubuyisana. "

UJesu wembula icebo likaNkulunkulu lokusungula umphakathi womoya omusha wezizwe zonke nezizwe zonke – iBandla (Efesu 2,14-22). UJesu wembula uNkulunkulu ukuthi unguYise wabo bonke abazelwe ngokusha kuKristu. UJesu wembula isiphetho esikhazimulayo uNkulunkulu asithembisa abantu Bakhe. Ubukhona bukaMoya kaNkulunkulu phakathi kwethu vele busenza sinambithe leyo nkazimulo yesikhathi esizayo. Umoya “uyisibambiso sefa lethu” (Efesu 1,14).

UJesu futhi wafakaza ngobukhona bukaYise neNdodana njengoNkulunkulu oyedwa ngakho-ke iqiniso lokuthi izinto ezahlukahlukene ezibalulekile zivezwa koyedwa, ubuNkulunkulu baphakade. Ababhali beTestamente Elisha basebenzise kaninginingi amagama kaNkulunkulu eTestamente Elidala ngoKristu. Ngokwenza njalo, abafakazanga kuphela ukuthi uKristu unjani, kodwa nokuthi unjani uNkulunkulu, ngoba uJesu uyisambulo sikaYise, futhi yena noBaba bamunye. Sifunda okwengeziwe ngoNkulunkulu lapho sihlola ukuthi uKristu unjani.

5. Oyedwa kwabathathu nabathathu koyedwa

Njengoba sesibonile, iBhayibheli limelela imfundiso kaNkulunkulu oyedwa ngokungaguquki. Ukuba senyameni kukaJesu nomsebenzi kusenze saqonda kakhudlwana “indlela” yobunye bukaNkulunkulu. ITestamente Elisha liyafakaza ukuthi uJesu Kristu unguNkulunkulu nokuthi uBaba unguNkulunkulu. Kodwa, njengoba sizobona, liphinde limele uMoya oNgcwele njengoNkulunkulu - njengobuNkulunkulu, njengongunaphakade. Lokho kusho ukuthi: IBhayibheli lembula uNkulunkulu okhona phakade njengoYise, iNdodana noMoya oNgcwele. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu umKristu kufanele abhapathizwe “egameni likaYise neleNdodana neloMoya oNgcwele” (Mathewu 2)8,19).

Emakhulwini eminyaka adlule, kuye kwavela amamodeli ahlukahlukene achazayo angenza la maqiniso eBhayibheli aqondakale ngokwengeziwe lapho uwabona nje. Kepha kufanele siqaphele ukuthi singazamukeli izitatimende ezihamba "ngomnyango ongemuva" eziphikisana nezimfundiso zeBhayibheli. Ngoba ezinye izincazelo zingenza izinto zibe lula njengoba zisinikeza umfanekiso ophathekayo nopulasitiki kaNkulunkulu. Kepha okokuqala futhi okubaluleke kakhulu kuncike ekutheni isitatimende siyahambisana yini neBhayibheli, hhayi ukuthi liyazithokozisa futhi liyahambisana. IBhayibheli likhombisa ukuthi munye - futhi munye kuphela - uNkulunkulu kepha usethula ngasikhathi sinye uYise, iNdodana noMoya oNgcwele, bonke abakhona ingunaphakade futhi benza zonke izinto njengoba kunguNkulunkulu kuphela ongazenza.

"Oyedwa kwabathathu", "abathathu koyedwa", lena yimibono ephikisana nomqondo womuntu. Kungaba lula ukucabanga, ngokwesibonelo, uNkulunkulu “eyisicucu” ngaphandle kokuthi “ahlukane” abe uYise, iNdodana noMoya oNgcwele. Kepha lowo akuyena uNkulunkulu weBhayibheli. Esinye isithombe esilula "ngumndeni wonkulunkulu", onamalungu angaphezu kwelilodwa. Kepha uNkulunkulu weBhayibheli uhluke kakhulu kunoma yini ebesingayithuthukisa ngokucabanga kwethu ngaphandle kwembulo.

UNkulunkulu wembula izinto eziningi ngaye futhi siyazikholwa, noma singakwazi ukuzichaza zonke. Isibonelo, asikwazi ukuchaza ngokwanelisayo ukuthi uNkulunkulu angaba kanjani ngaphandle kwesiqalo. Umbono onjalo udlulela ngalé kwemikhawulo yethu elinganiselwe. Asikwazi ukukuchaza, kodwa siyazi ukuthi kuyiqiniso ukuthi uNkulunkulu akanasiqalo. IBhayibheli liphinde lembule ukuthi uNkulunkulu munye futhi munye kuphela, kodwa futhi noBaba, iNdodana noMoya oNgcwele.

UMoya oNgcwele unguNkulunkulu

IzEnzo ZabaPhostoli 5,3-4 ubiza uMoya oNgcwele ngokuthi “Nkulunkulu”: “Kepha uPetru wathi: “Ananiya, kungani uSathane egcwalise inhliziyo yakho, uze uqambe amanga kuMoya oNgcwele, futhi ugcine enye yemali yensimu? ubunayo? Futhi ubungeke yini wenze okufunayo lapho isithengiswa? Kungani wahlela lokhu enhliziyweni yakho? Awuzange uqambe amanga kubantu, kodwa kuNkulunkulu. Amanga ka-Ananiya phambi kukaMoya oNgcwele, ngokusho kukaPetru, amanga phambi kukaNkulunkulu. ITestamente Elisha lichaza izici kuMoya oNgcwele okungaba nguNkulunkulu kuphela. Isibonelo, uMoya oNgcwele wazi konke. “Kepha uNkulunkulu ukwambulile kithi ngoMoya wakhe, ngokuba uMoya uphenya konke, nokujulileyo kobuNkulunkulu”1. AbaseKorinte 2,10).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uMoya oNgcwele ukuyo yonke indawo futhi awuboshiwe kunoma yimiphi imingcele yendawo. “Kumbe anazi yini ukuthi umzimba wenu uyithempeli likaMoya oNgcwele okinina, enimamukele kuNkulunkulu, nokuthi anisibo abenu na? (1. AbaseKorinte 6,19). UMoya oNgcwele uhlala kuwo wonke amakholwa, ngakho-ke awuvinjelwe endaweni eyodwa. UMoya oNgcwele uvuselela amaKristu. “Uma umuntu engazalwa ngamanzi nangoMoya, angengene embusweni kaNkulunkulu. Okuzelwe yinyama kuyinyama, nokuzelwe nguMoya kungumoya... Umoya uphephetha nomaphi lapho ethanda khona, uyakuzwa ukuhlokoma kwakhe, kodwa anazi ukuthi uvelaphi nalapho eya khona; unjalo kubo bonke abazelwe nguMoya” (Joh. 3,56, 8). Ubikezela ikusasa. “Kepha uMoya usho ngokucacile ukuthi ngezinsuku zokugcina abanye bayakuhlubuka ekukholweni, babambelele emimoyeni edukisayo nasezimfundisweni zobudemoni.”1. UThimothi 4,1). Encwadini yokubhabhadiswa, uMoya oNgcwele ubekwe ezingeni elifanayo nelikaYise neNdodana: UmKristu kufanele abhapathizwe “egameni likaYise neleNdodana nelikaMoya oNgcwele” (Mathewu 2)8,19). Umoya ungadala ungenalutho (AmaHubo 104,30). UNkulunkulu kuphela oneziphiwo zokudala ezinjalo. amaHebheru 9,14 inikeza i-epithet "ingunaphakade" emoyeni. UNkulunkulu kuphela ongunaphakade.

UJesu wathembisa abaphostoli ukuthi ngemva kokuhamba kwakhe wayezothumela “uMduduzi” (uMsizi) ukuba ahlale nabo “phakade”, “uMoya weqiniso, lowo izwe elingemamukele, ngokuba lingaboni, futhi kalimazi.” Nina niyamazi. ngokuba uhlala nani, uyakuba kini” (Johane 14:16-17). UJesu uveza ngokucacile lo “Mduduzi njengoMoya oNgcwele: “Kodwa uMduduzi, uMoya oNgcwele, uBaba azowuthumela egameni lami, uyonifundisa konke, futhi uyonikhumbuza konke engikushilo kini” ( ivesi 26 ) ). UMduduzi ukhombisa izwe izono zalo futhi usiholela kulo lonke iqiniso; zonke izenzo ezingenziwa nguNkulunkulu kuphela. UPawulu uqinisekisa lokhu: “Futhi lokhu asikhulumi ngamazwi esiwafundiswa ngokuhlakanipha kwabantu, kodwa ngamazwi ofundiswa nguMoya, echaza okomoya ngokomoya” (1. AbaseKorinte 2,13, Elberfeld Bible).

UYise, iNdodana noMoya oNgcwele: uNkulunkulu munye

Uma siqaphela ukuthi kukhona uNkulunkulu oyedwa kuphela nokuthi uMoya oNgcwele unguNkulunkulu, njengoba uYise enguNkulunkulu neNdodana inguNkulunkulu, akunzima kithi ukuthola izindima ezifana neZenzo 13,2 Ukuzwisisa: “Kodwa kwathi sebekhonza futhi bezila ukudla iNkosi, uMoya oNgcwele wathi: “Ngahlukaniseleni oBarnaba noSawulu, baye emsebenzini engibabizele wona.” NgokukaLuka uMoya oNgcwele wathi: “Ngahlukaniseni noBarnaba USawuli emsebenzini engimbizele kuwo.” Emsebenzini kaMoya oNgcwele, uLuka ubona ngokuqondile umsebenzi kaNkulunkulu.

Uma sithatha isambulo seBhayibheli semvelo kaNkulunkulu ngegama, kuhle. Lapho uMoya oNgcwele ukhuluma, uthumela, ugqozi, uqondisa, ungcwelisa, unika amandla, noma unikeza izipho, nguNkulunkulu okwenzayo. Kepha njengoba uNkulunkulu emunye futhi engezona izinto ezintathu ezihlukene, uMoya oNgcwele akayena uNkulunkulu ohlukile ozenzela izinto yedwa.

UNkulunkulu unentando, intando kaBaba, okuyintando efanayo neNdodana noMoya oNgcwele. Lokhu akumayelana nezidalwa zaphezulu ezimbili noma ezintathu ezizikhethela zona ukuba zivumelane ngokuphelele. Kunalokho, ungunkulunkulu
nentando. INdodana izwakalisa intando kaBaba.Ngakho-ke, kuyimvelo nomsebenzi kaMoya oNgcwele ukufeza intando kaBaba emhlabeni.

NgokukaPawulu, “iNkosi inguMoya” futhi ubhala “ngeNkosi enguMoya” (2. AbaseKorinte 3,17-18). Evesini lesi-6 lize lithi, “uMoya uyaphilisa,” futhi lokho kuyinto engenziwa nguNkulunkulu kuphela. Siyamazi uBaba kuphela ngoba uMoya usenza sikholwe ukuthi uJesu uyiNdodana kaNkulunkulu. UJesu noBaba bahlala kithi, kodwa kuphela ngoba uMoya uhlala kithi (Johane 14,16-17; AmaRoma 8,9-11). Njengoba uNkulunkulu emunye, uYise neNdodana nabo bakithi uma uMoya ekithi.

In 1. AbaseKorinte 12,4-11 UPawulu ulinganisa uMoya, iNkosi noNkulunkulu. Kukhona “uNkulunkulu oyedwa osebenza kubo bonke abantu,” ubhala evesini 6. Kodwa amavesi ambalwa aqhubeka athi: “Konke lokhu kwenziwa ngomoya munye,” okungukuthi “njengoba uthanda [umoya]”. Ingqondo ingafuna kanjani okuthile? Ngokuba uNkulunkulu. Futhi njengoba kukhona uNkulunkulu oyedwa kuphela, intando kaYise futhi intando yeNdodana noMoya oNgcwele.

Ukukhonza uNkulunkulu kusho ukukhonza uBaba, iNdodana noMoya oNgcwele, ngoba banguNkulunkulu oyedwa futhi. Ngokwenza njalo, akumele sigcizelele uMoya oNgcwele futhi siwukhonze njengesidalwa esizimele. Hhayi kuMoya oNgcwele onjalo, kodwa kuNkulunkulu, uYise, iNdodana kanye noNgcwele
Uma kunomoya koyedwa, ukukhulekela kwethu kufanele kube. UNkulunkulu okithi (uMoya oNgcwele) usishukumisela ukuba sikhonze uNkulunkulu. UMduduzi (njengeNdodana) akakhulumi “ngokwakhe” (Johane 16,13), kodwa usho lokho uyise amtshela kona. Akasibhekiseli kuye, kodwa usibhekise kuBaba ngeNdodana. Futhi asikhuleki kanjalo kuMoya oNgcwele - nguMoya ongaphakathi kwethu osisiza ukuba sithandaze futhi asinxusele (KwabaseRoma 8,26).

Ukuba uNkulunkulu wayengekho kithi, sasingeke siphendukele kuNkulunkulu. Ukuba bekungengenxa kaNkulunkulu uqobo kithi, ngabe asazi uNkulunkulu noma iNdodana (yena). Kungakho sikweleta uNkulunkulu yedwa insindiso, hhayi kithi. Izithelo esizithelayo ziyisithelo sikaMoya-kaNkulunkulu, hhayi ezethu. Noma kunjalo, uma sifuna, sijabulela ilungelo elikhulu lokukwazi ukuhlanganyela emsebenzini kaNkulunkulu.

UBaba unguMdali futhi ungumthombo wazo zonke izinto. INdodana inguMhlengi, uMsindisi, uphiko oluphezulu uNkulunkulu adala ngalo konke. UMoya oNgcwele unguMduduzi noMmeli. UMoya oNgcwele unguNkulunkulu kithi, osiholela kuBaba ngeNdodana. NgeNdodana siyahlanzwa futhi sisindiswe ukuze sibe nobudlelwano nayo kanye noBaba. UMoya oNgcwele uthinta izinhliziyo nezingqondo zethu futhi usiholela ekukholweni kuJesu Kristu, oyindlela nesango. UMoya usinika izipho, izipho zikaNkulunkulu, phakathi kwazo ukholo, ithemba nothando okungezona okuncane.

Konke lokhu kungumsebenzi kaNkulunkulu oyedwa oziveza kithi njengoYise, iNdodana noMoya oNgcwele. Akayena omunye uNkulunkulu ngaphandle kukaNkulunkulu weTestamente Elidala, kepha kwembulwa okuningi ngaye eTestamenteni Elisha: Wathumela iNdodana yakhe njengomuntu ukuba izofela izono zethu futhi ivuselwe enkazimulweni, futhi yasithumela uMoya wayo - the Umduduzi - okufanele ahlale kithi, asiqondise kulo lonke iqiniso, asinike izipho futhi ahambisane nomfanekiso kaKristu.

Lapho sithandaza, umgomo wethu uwukuba uNkulunkulu aphendule imithandazo yethu; kodwa uNkulunkulu kufanele asiholele kulomgomo, futhi uyena ngisho indlela esiholelwa ngayo kulomgomo. Ngamanye amazwi, kuNkulunkulu (uBaba) siyakhuleka; NguNkulunkulu okithi (uMoya oNgcwele) osishukumisela ukuba sithandaze; futhi uNkulunkulu futhi uyindlela (iNdodana) esiholwa ngayo kulowo mgomo.

Ubaba uqala icebo losindiso. INdodana iqukethe futhi yenza uhlelo lokubuyisana nokusindiswa kwesintu. UMoya oNgcwele uletha izibusiso - izipho - zensindiso, eziletha ukutholwa kwamakholwa eqiniso. Konke lokhu kungumsebenzi kaNkulunkulu oyedwa, uNkulunkulu weBhayibheli.

UPawulu uphetha incwadi yesibili kwabaseKorinte ngesibusiso: “Umusa weNkosi yethu uJesu Kristu nothando lukaNkulunkulu nokuhlangana kukaMoya oNgcwele makube nani nonke! (2. AbaseKorinte 13,13). UPawulu ugxile othandweni lukaNkulunkulu, esiwuphiwe ngomusa uNkulunkulu asinika wona ngoJesu Kristu, kanye nobunye nenhlanganyelo noNkulunkulu kanye nomunye nomunye awunikeza ngoMoya oNgcwele.

Bangaki "abantu" abakhona kuNkulunkulu?

Abantu abaningi banombono ongacacile walokho okushiwo yiBhayibheli ngobunye bukaNkulunkulu. Iningi alicabangi ngokujulile ngalo. Abanye bacabanga izidalwa ezintathu ezizimele; abanye isidalwa esinamakhanda amathathu; abanye abangashintsha ngokukhululekile babe uYise, iNdodana, noMoya oNgcwele. Lokhu kuphela ukukhetha okuncane kusuka ezithombeni ezidumile.

Abaningi bazama ukufingqa imfundiso yeBhayibheli ngoNkulunkulu ngamagama athi “ziqu-zintathu” “ziqu-zintathu” noma “ziqu-zintathu.” Nokho, uma ubabuza okwengeziwe ngalokho iBhayibheli elikushoyo ngakho, ngokuvamile akudingekile ukuba banikeze incazelo.Ngamanye amazwi. : Isithombe sabantu abaningi ngoZiqu-zintathu sinezisekelo ezintengantengayo zeBhayibheli, futhi isizathu esibalulekile sokungacacisi sisekusetshenzisweni kwegama elithi “umuntu”.

Igama elithi "umuntu" elisetshenziswe ezincazelweni eziningi zesiJalimane zikaZiqu-zintathu lisikisela izidalwa ezintathu. Izibonelo: "UNkulunkulu oyedwa ungabantu abathathu ... abayisimo esisodwa saphezulu ... Laba bantu abathathu (bangempela) bahlukile komunye nomunye" ( Rahner / Vorgrimler, IQ eines Theologisches Wörterbuch, Freiburg 1961, p. 79) . Maqondana noNkulunkulu, incazelo evamile yegama elithi “umuntu” idlulisela isithombe esisontekile: okungukuthi umbono wokuthi uNkulunkulu unomkhawulo nokuthi uziqu-zintathu wakhe uvela eqinisweni lokuthi uhlanganisa izidalwa ezintathu ezizimele. Akunjalo.

Igama lesiJalimane "umuntu" livela kumuntu wesiLatin. Olimini lwesiLatini lwezazi zenkolo, umuntu wasetshenziswa njengegama likababa, indodana noMoya oNgcwele, kodwa ngomqondo ohlukile kunegama lesiJalimane elithi "umuntu" namuhla. Incazelo eyisisekelo ye-persona kwakuyi "mask". Ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso, ichaza indima ethile emdlalweni.Ngaleso sikhathi, umlingisi wayevela emdlalweni ngezindima eziningana, futhi ngendima ngayinye wayegqoka isifihla-buso esithile. Kepha leli gama, yize lingavumeli isithombe esingeyiso sezidalwa ezintathu, lisabuthakathaka futhi liyadukisa maqondana noNkulunkulu. Ukudukisa ngoba uYise, iNdodana noMoya oNgcwele kungaphezu kwezindima uNkulunkulu angena kuzo, futhi ngoba umdlali angadlala indima eyodwa ngesikhathi, kanti uNkulunkulu uhlala enguYise, iNdodana noMoya oNgcwele ngasikhathi sinye. Kungenzeka ukuthi isazi semfundiso yenkolo yesiLatin sasisho into elungile uma sisebenzisa igama elithi persona. Kepha akunakwenzeka ukuthi umuntu obeka eceleni angakuqonda kahle. Nanamuhla igama elithi "umuntu", elibhekise kuNkulunkulu, liholela kalula umuntu ojwayelekile emzileni ongafanele uma lihambisana nencazelo yokuthi umuntu kufanele acabange okuthile okuhluke ngokuphelele ngaphansi "komuntu" kunkulunkulu kunokuba ngaphansi "komuntu" izinzwa zomuntu wobunkulunkulu.

Noma ngubani okhuluma ngoNkulunkulu oyedwa kubantu abathathu ngolimi lwethu akakwazi ukusiza kodwa acabange onkulunkulu abathathu abazimele omunye komunye. Ngamanye amagama, ngeke ahlukanise phakathi kwamagama athi "person" kanye "being". Kepha akuyona indlela uNkulunkulu embulwa ngayo eBhayibhelini. Munye kuphela unkulunkulu, hhayi abathathu. Ibhayibheli lembula ukuthi uYise, iNdodana noMoya oNgcwele, basebenza omunye komunye, kufanele baqondwe njengendlela eyodwa, yaphakade yokuba uNkulunkulu oyedwa weqiniso weBhayibheli.

Unkulunkulu oyedwa: ama-hypostases amathathu

Uma sifuna ukuveza iqiniso leBhayibheli elithi uNkulunkulu “munye” futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo “bathathu”, kufanele sibheke amagama anganiki umqondo wokuthi kukhona onkulunkulu abathathu noma izidalwa ezintathu ezizimele. IBhayibheli alisho ukuthi akufanele siyekethise ebunyeni bukaNkulunkulu. Inkinga iwukuthi: Kuwo wonke amagama abhekisela ezintweni ezidaliwe, izingxenye zencazelo ezingase zidukise ziphuma olimini olungcolile. Amagama amaningi, kuhlanganise negama elithi “umuntu,” avame ukuhlobanisa isimo sikaNkulunkulu nohlelo oludaliwe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, wonke amagama ethu anohlobo oluthile lokuhlobana nohlelo oludaliwe. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukucacisa kahle ukuthi siqonde ukuthini nesingakuqondile uma sikhuluma ngoNkulunkulu ngendlela yabantu. Igama eliwusizo - isithombe-igama lapho amaKristu akhuluma isiGreki abamba ubunye bukaNkulunkulu noZiqu-zintathu sitholakala kumaHeberu 1:3. Le ndima ifundisa ngezindlela eziningi. Ifundeka kanje: “[INdodana] iwukuvezwa kwenkazimulo yakhe [uNkulunkulu] nomfanekiso wobuntu bakhe futhi ithwala zonke izinto ngezwi layo elinamandla . . . . ingenza kube nemibono eminingi: Indodana ayisona isidalwa esihlukene noyise. INdodana ayikho ngaphansi kukaYise. Futhi iNdodana ingunaphakade, njengoba nje uYise enjalo. Ngamanye amazwi, indodana ihlobene noyise njengoba ukubonakaliswa noma imisebe ihlotshaniswa nenkazimulo: ngaphandle komthombo okhazimulayo akukho misebe, ngaphandle kwemisebe akukho mthombo okhazimulayo. Nokho kumelwe sihlukanise phakathi kwenkazimulo kaNkulunkulu nokuvela kwaleyo nkazimulo. Zihlukene, kodwa azihlukene. Okufundisa ngokufanayo inkulumo ethi “umfanekiso [noma isigxivizo, isitembu, isithombe] sobuntu bakhe”. Ubaba uvezwa ngokugcwele nangokuphelele endodaneni.
Manje ake sibuyele egameni lesiGreki elime ngemuva kwe- "essence" embhalweni wokuqala. I-hypostasis. Yenziwe nge-hypo = "under" ne-stasis = "stand" futhi inencazelo eyisisekelo ye "stand under something". Okushiwo yilokhu yilokho - njengoba singasho - kumi "ngemuva" kwento, isibonelo ukuthi yini eyenza ibe yilokho. I-Hypostasis ingachazwa ngokuthi "into okungekho enye engenakuba yiyo". Kungachazwa ngokuthi "isizathu sokuba", "isizathu sokuba".

UNkulunkulu uqobo

"Hypostasis" (ubuningi: "hypostasis") yigama elihle elichaza uYise, iNdodana noMoya oNgcwele. Yigama leBhayibheli futhi linikeza ukwehlukana komqondo okubukhali phakathi kwemvelo kaNkulunkulu nohlelo oludaliwe. Nokho, elithi “umuntu” nalo lifanelekile, inqobo nje uma imfuneko (ebalulekile) iwukuthi leli gama aliqondwa ngomqondo womuntu siqu.

Esinye sezizathu zokuthi “umuntu” afaneleke, aqondwe kahle, ukuthi uNkulunkulu uhlobene nathi ngendlela yomuntu siqu. Ngakho-ke kungaba iphutha ukusho ukuthi akayena umuntu. Asikhulekeli idwala noma isitshalo, noma amandla angeyena umuntu “ngale komkhathi”, kodwa “umuntu ophilayo”. UNkulunkulu ungumuntu siqu, kodwa akayena umuntu ngomqondo wokuthi singabantu. “Ngokuba nginguNkulunkulu, angisiye umuntu, futhi ngingoNgcwele phakathi kwenu.” ( Hoseya 11:9 ) UNkulunkulu unguMdali—futhi akayona ingxenye yezinto ezidaliwe. futhi ekugcineni bafe.UNkulunkulu uphakeme ngaphezu kwakho konke lokhu, nokho unobuntu ekusebenzelaneni kwakhe nabantu.

UNkulunkulu udlula ngokungenamkhawulo kunakho konke ulimi olungazala kabusha; nokho ungumuntu siqu futhi usithanda kakhulu. Uveze okuningi ngaye, kepha akahlali athule ngakho konke okudlula umkhawulo wolwazi lomuntu. Njengabantu abanomkhawulo, asikwazi ukuqonda okungapheli. Singamazi uNkulunkulu ngaphakathi kohlaka lwesambulo sakhe, kepha asikwazi ukumazi ngokugcwele ngoba sinomkhawulo futhi akanamkhawulo. Lokho uNkulunkulu asembulele khona ngaye kuyiqiniso. Iqiniso. Kubalulekile.

UNkulunkulu uyasibiza: “Kepha khulani emseni nasekwazini iNkosi noMsindisi wethu uJesu Kristu” (2. UPetrus 3,18). UJesu wathi: “Lokhu kungukuphila okuphakade, ukuba bazi wena, wena wedwa onguNkulunkulu weqiniso, nalowo omthumileyo, uJesu Kristu.” ( Johane 17:3 ) Ngakho, uJesu Kristu wanikeza iseluleko sikaJesu Kristu. Lapho simazi ngokwengeziwe uNkulunkulu, kuya kucaca kithi ukuthi sibancane kangakanani nokuthi mkhulu kangakanani.

6. Ubudlelwano besintu noNkulunkulu

Njengesethulo sale ncwajana, sizamile ukubuza imibuzo eyisisekelo abantu abangase bayibuze uNkulunkulu—isithunzi. Singabuzani uma sikhululekile ukubuza umbuzo onjalo? Umbuzo wethu othi "Ungubani?" kuphendula umdali nombusi wendawo yonke ngokuthi: "Ngiyoba yilokho engiyoba yikho" (2. mose 3,14) noma "Nginguye enginguye" (isixuku transl.). UNkulunkulu uyazichaza kithi endalweni (Amahubo 19,2). Kusukela ngesikhathi asenza ngaso, ubelokhu esebenza nathi futhi esenzela thina bantu. Ngezinye izikhathi njengokuduma nombani, njengesiphepho, njengokuzamazama komhlaba nomlilo, ngezinye izikhathi kufana "nokubhonga okuzolile, okumnene" (2. uMose 20,18; 1. Amakhosi 19,11-12). Uze ahleke ( IHubo 2: 4 ). Embhalweni weBhayibheli, uNkulunkulu ukhuluma ngaye futhi uchaza umbono wakhe kubantu ayebhekane nabo ngokuqondile. UNkulunkulu uzembula ngoJesu Kristu nangoMoya oNgcwele.

Manje asifuni nje ukwazi ukuthi uNkulunkulu ungubani. Sifuna nokwazi ukuthi wasidalelani. Sifuna ukwazi ukuthi liyini icebo lakhe ngathi. Sifuna ukwazi ukuthi ikusasa lisiphatheleni. Buyini ubuhlobo bethu noNkulunkulu? Yikuphi "okufanele" sibe nakho? Futhi iyiphi esiyoba nayo esikhathini esizayo? UNkulunkulu wasenza ngomfanekiso wakhe (1. mose 1,26-27). Futhi ngekusasa lethu, iBhayibheli lembula - ngezinye izikhathi ngokucace kakhulu - izinto eziphakeme kakhulu kunamanje njengabantu abalinganiselwe esingaphupha ngazo.

Lapho sikhona manje

amaHebheru 2,6-11 isitshela ukuthi okwamanje "siphansi" kancane kunezingelosi. Kodwa uNkulunkulu “wasithwesa umqhele wodumo nodumo” futhi wenza yonke indalo ibe ngaphansi kwethu. Ngesikhathi esizayo "akazange akhiphe lutho olungekho ngaphansi kwakhe. Kodwa okwamanje asiboni ukuthi zonke izinto zingaphansi kwakhe." UNkulunkulu usilungiselele ikusasa laphakade, elikhazimulayo. Kodwa kusenokuthile endleleni. Sisesimweni sokuba necala; izono zethu zisihlukanisile noNkulunkulu (Isaya 59:1-2). Isono siye sadala isithiyo esingenakunqotshwa phakathi kukaNkulunkulu nathi, umgoqo esingenakuwunqoba ngokwethu.

Nokho, ngokuyisisekelo, ikhefu seliphulukisiwe kakade. UJesu wanambitha ukufa ngenxa yethu (Hebheru 2,9). Wakhokha isijeziso sokufa esenziwe izono zethu ukuze “aholele amadodana amaningi enkazimulweni” ( ivesi 10 ). NgokwesAmbulo 21:7, uNkulunkulu ufuna sibe naye ebuhlotsheni bukababa nengane. Ngoba uyasithanda futhi usenzela konke - futhi njengombhali wensindiso yethu usakwenza - uJesu akanamahloni ukusibiza ngezithombe (Hebheru 2,10-enye).

Yini edingekayo kithina manje

IzEnzo ZabaPhostoli 2,38 usibiza ukuba siphenduke ezonweni zethu futhi sibhapathizwe, singcwatshwe ngokomfanekiso. UNkulunkulu unikeza uMoya oNgcwele kulabo abakholwa ukuthi uJesu Kristu unguMsindisi wabo, iNkosi neNkosi (Galathiya 3,2-5). Lapho siphenduka - sesifulathele izindlela zobugovu, zesono zezwe esasizihamba - singena ebuhlotsheni obusha naye ngokholo. Sizalwa kabusha (Johannes 3,3), impilo entsha kuKristu siphiwe thina ngoMoya oNgcwele, siguqulwe uMoya ngomusa nomusa kaNkulunkulu nangomsebenzi kaKristu wokuhlenga. Bese? Khona-ke sikhula “emseni nasolwazini lweNkosi yethu noMsindisi uJesu Kristu” (2. Petru 3:18) kuze kube sekupheleni kokuphila. Simiselwe ukuba nengxenye ovukweni lokuqala, futhi ngemva kwalokho “siyoba neNkosi ngaso sonke isikhathi” (1. Thesalonika 4,13-enye).

Ifa lethu elingenakulinganiswa

UNkulunkulu “wasizala kabusha . . . ethembeni eliphilayo ngokuvuka kukaJesu Kristu kwabafileyo, efeni elingabhubhiyo nelingenakonakala nelingabhubhi,” ifa “eliyokwambulwa ngamandla kaNkulunkulu ngezinsuku zokugcina . . . "(1. UPetrus 1,3-5). Ekuvukeni kwethu siba ngabangafi (1. 15:54) futhi sizuze “umzimba womoya” (ivesi 44). “Futhi njengoba sinomfanekiso womuntu wasemhlabeni [u-Adamu],” kusho ivesi 49, “kanjalo futhi siyoba nomfanekiso wowasezulwini. “Njengabantwana bovuko” asisekho ngaphansi kokufa (Luka 20,36).

Ingabe ikhona into ekhazimula ngaphezu kwalokho okushiwo iBhayibheli ngoNkulunkulu nangobuhlobo bethu besikhathi esizayo naye? Siyoba “njengaye [uJesu], ngokuba siyombona enjengoba enjalo” (1. UJohannes 3,2). IsAmbulo 21:3 sithembisa inkathi yamazulu amasha nomhlaba omusha: “Bheka, itabernakele likaNkulunkulu linabantu; uzoba unkulunkulu wabo..."

Siba munye noNkulunkulu - ebungcweleni, othandweni, ekupheleleni, ekulungeni nasemoyeni. Njengabantwana bakhe abangafi, sizokwakha umndeni kaNkulunkulu ngomqondo ophelele. Sizokwabelana naye ngokuhlanganyela okuphelele enjabulweni yaphakade. Enhle futhi ekhuthazayo
UNkulunkulu ulungiselele umyalezo wethemba nensindiso yaphakade kubo bonke abamkholwayo!

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